Cliffs AP Chemistry, 3rd Edition

Acids and Bases

Key Terms

Words that can be used as topics in essays:

acid-base indicator

acidic oxide

amphoteric substance

Arrhenius acid, base

autoionization

basic oxide

Brønsted-Lowry acid, base

buffer

carboxyl group

common ion effect

conjugate acid, base

equivalence point

hydronium ion

ion-product constant

Lewis acid, base

neutralization

organic acids

oxyacids

percent ionization

pH

pOH

polyprotic acid

salt

salt hydrolysis

strong acid, base

weak acid, base

Key Concepts

Equations and relationships that you need to know:

• pH = −log[H+]
  pOH = −log[OH–]

Kw= [H+][OH–] = 10–14= Ka⋅Kb

pKw=pH + pOH = 14 (exact)

Kaqaqaq

H

HA

A

a=+for the equation HA EH A

+-

+-

___iii

6

77

@

AA

pKa= −logKa

pH pKKlog log

conjugate acid

conjugate base

p HA

A

=+aa=+

7

7

6

7

A

A

@

A

K B aq l aq aq

BH OH

b=++for the equation B H O 2 EBH OH

+-

_ i ^h +-__ii

6

77

@

AA