Cliffs AP Chemistry, 3rd Edition

Nuclear Chemistry

Key Terms

Words that can be used as topics in essays:

alpha particle, α half-life

beta particle, β isotopes

binding energy mass defect

chain reaction nuclear transformation

decay series nucleon

Einstein equation nuclide

electron capture positron

first-order rate constant rate of decay

fission transmutation

fusion transuranium elements

gamma radiation, γ zone of stability

Key Concepts

• t 12 /=0 693.k


• lncmxx^0 =kt

where

x 0 = original number of nuclides at time 0

x= number of nuclides at time t

• ∆E = ∆mc^2
  where

c = 3.00 × 108 m ⋅sec–1

or

∆E = 9.00 × 1010 kJ ⋅ g–1⋅ ∆m