Cliffs AP Chemistry, 3rd Edition

12 3 456 7 8 9 10

1XH H, S NRNRNR NRGREENNR P

AMMONIA SOL’N.

SMELL*

2 X X NR H P, D P P, D, H P P P

GREEN BLUE BROWN

3 X X X H P P, D P, D, H P, D NR P, D

WHITE BLUE BLUE BROWN

4XX X XNRNRNRNRNR P

(small P)

5 X X X X X NR NR NR NR NR

6 X X X X X X NR NR NR NR

7XX X XXX X NR NR P

8 X X X X X X X X NR NR

9XX X XXX X X X NR

10XX X XXX X X X X

P = precipitate

D = precipitate dissolves in excess reagent

G = gas

S = smoke

NR = no reaction

H = heat evolved

*observed odor in tube 3 before mixing

Analysis:

Test Tube 1: 6 M HCl:Had to be a strong acid since when mixed with tube 3 it got hot and I
had already identified tube 3 as NH 3 by odor. When mixed with samples from test tube 2, the
reaction produced a great deal of heat, therefore tube 1 had to contain a strong acid. Could be
either 6 M HCl or 3 M H 2 SO 4. When mixed with test tube 3, a white smoke was produced. I
concluded that the smoke was NH 4 Cl, therefore, by default, test tube 1 had to contain 6 M HCl.
To confirm that this test tube contained HCl, I mixed samples from test tube 1 with test tube
10, which I believed to contain Ag+from prior data in the table, and a white precipitate of AgCl
was formed.

Laboratory Experiments