(withRin kN 10 2 andin m s^1 ), where 0.140.28 (0.14 for
steel hulls and 0.28 for wooden ones) and 1.7k3.5 (k1.7 for small
boats and empty barges, k3.5 for full barges). The results of equation
(11.8) agree quite well with measurements from models.
A ship navigating a bend of radius rencounters an increased resis-
tance due to the centrifugal force acting on the side of the ship passing
through the bend at a drift angle (Section 11.5.2).
11.7 Wave action on banks
The ship-induced water motion causes waves that attack the banks of the
waterway, which therefore requires suitable bank protection (Chapter 8).
The whole complex interaction between boundary conditions, components
of water motion, the forces acting, and the bank revêtment design for
stability is shown schematically in Fig. 11.7. It is important (Bowmeester et
WAVE ACTION ON BANKS 475
Fig. 11.6 Resistance as a function of velocity