Index 1753Progressive scan
display technologies 1581
PROM
consoles 928
Propagation delay
consoles 912
Propagation of sound waves
acoustical modeling and aural-
ization 217
Propagation velocity
grounding and interfacing 1184
Properties of plastic insulation
wire and cable 404
Properties of rubber insulation
wire and cable 404
Proportional Point Source
loudspeakers 614
Proprietary acoustical doors
acoustical noise control 83
Proprietary acoustical windows
acoustical noise control 86
Proprietary silencers
acoustical noise control 93
Protecting concert-goers
what’s the ear for? 1636
Protecting hearing
what’s the ear for? 1635
Protecting loudspeakers
sound system design 1276
Protecting the audience
what’s the ear for? 1642
Protecting the community
what’s the ear for? 1636
Protection mechanisms 719
automatic turn-on muting 720
capacitor high pass filter 720
fuse 719
thermal sensor 720
transformer 720
Protocol
digital audio interfacing and net-
works 1505
Proximity effects
microphones 497
Psychoacoustics
absolute pitch 56
acoustic reflex 45
amplitude spectra 57
amplitude spectrum 50
audio encoding 48
auditory area 50
auditory filters 49
auditory system 45
auricle 43
A-weighting level 52
backward masking 48
Bark scale 49
binaural 57
binaural hearing 60
binaural pitches 57
binaural process 56
bone conduction 45
B-weighting level 52
cent 55
chords 55
cochlea 43
cocktail party effect 60
combination tones 50
complex tone 54
compressed function 52
concha 43
cone of confusion 58–59
contralateral ear 58
critical bands 49
critical bandwidths of the human
ear 49
critical distance 61
C-weighting level 52
decoder 48
diffraction of the head 58
direct-to-reverberant ratio 61
distance cues 60
distance perception
psychoacoustics 60
dynamic changes 54
dynamic range 51
ear canal (auditory meatus) 43
ear molds 59
eardrum 43
equal loudness contours 51
equal temperament 55
equivalent rectangular band-
width (ERB) 49
ERB number 49
eustachian tube 43
external ear 43
externalization 59
Fletcher-Munson curves 51
forward masking 48
Fourier analyzer 51Franssen effect 60
frequency difference limen 56
frequency range 51
frequency selectivity 52
Haas effect 60
hair cells 43
harmonic distortion 50
head shadow 58
head-related transfer function
(HRTF) 58
hearing damage 45, 52
hearing loss 47
hearing threshold 51
hydrophone 45
incus 43
individual differences 43
inner ear 43, 45
integration times 54
interaural intensity difference
(IID) 57
interaural level difference (ILD)
57
interaural phase difference 50
interaural phase difference (IPD)
57
interaural temporal difference
58
interaural time difference (ITD)
57
just-noticeable difference (JND)
54
Just-tuning 55
LEDR (Listening Environment
Diagnostic Recording) 59
localization cues 57
logarithmic scale 52, 55
lossless encoders 48
loudness 51–52
loudness versus bandwidth 53
malleus 43
masker 48
masking 48
mechanical system of the middle
ear 46
mel 55
melodic intervals 55
melody 55–56
microphone 45
middle ear 43, 45
middle ear infection 45