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phy1020.DVI

(Darren Dugan) #1

  • Acknowledgments

  • I Preliminaries

  • 1 What is Physics?

  • 2 Units

    • 2.1 Systems of Units.

    • 2.2 SI Units

    • 2.3 CGS Systems of Units

    • 2.4 British Engineering Units

    • 2.5 Units as an Error-Checking Technique

    • 2.6 Unit Conversions

    • 2.7 Currency Units.

    • 2.8 Odds and Ends



  • 3 Problem-Solving Strategies

  • 4 The Calculus

    • 4.1 Infinitesimal Numbers

    • 4.2 Differential Calculus — Finding Slopes

    • 4.3 Integral Calculus — Finding Areas

    • 4.4 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

    • 4.5 Approximations

    • 4.6 More Examples

    • 4.7 Main Ideas

    • 4.8 Going Further

    • II Waves



  • 5 Simple Harmonic Motion

    • 5.1 Energy

    • 5.2 The Vertical Spring

    • 5.3 Frequency and Period

    • 5.4 Mass on a Spring

    • 5.5 More on the Spring Constant.



  • 6 Damped Oscillations

    • 6.1 Underdamped

    • 6.2 Overdamped

    • 6.3 Critically Damped



  • 7 Forced Oscillations

    • 7.1 Resonance



  • 8 The Pendulum

    • 8.1 Equation of Motion

    • 8.2 Period

    • 8.3 The Spherical Pendulum

    • 8.4 The Conical Pendulum.

    • 8.5 The Torsional Pendulum

    • 8.6 The Physical Pendulum

    • 8.7 Other Pendulums



  • 9 Waves

    • 9.1 Types of Waves

    • 9.2 Wave Speed

    • 9.3 String Waves

    • 9.4 Reflection and Transmission

    • 9.5 Superposition

    • 9.6 Interference

    • 9.7 Wave Energy.

    • 9.8 Wave Intensity

    • 9.9 Ocean Waves

    • 9.10 Seismic Waves



  • 10 Standing Waves

    • 10.1 Fixed or Free at Both Ends.

    • 10.2 Fixed at One End and Free at the Other

    • 10.3 Vibrations of Rods and Plates

    • III Acoustics



  • 11 Sound

    • 11.1 Speed of Sound

    • 11.2 Frequency of Sound



  • 12 The Doppler Effect

    • 12.1 Relativistic Doppler Effect



  • 13 Sound Intensity

    • 13.1 Intensity

    • 13.2 Decibels

    • 13.3 Nepers



  • 14 Music

    • 14.1 Pitch

    • 14.2 Musical Scales

    • 14.3 Music Notation

    • 14.4 Timing

    • 14.5 An Example

    • 14.6 Musical Instruments

    • IV Electricity and Magnetism



  • 15 Electricity

    • 15.1 Electric Charge

    • 15.2 Coulomb’s Law

    • 15.3 Atomic View of Electricity.

    • 15.4 Materials.

    • 15.5 Coulomb’s Law in Two or Three Dimensions



  • 16 The Electric Field

    • 16.1 Electric Field due to a Point Charge

    • 16.2 Electric Field Lines

    • 16.3 The Electric Dipole

    • 16.4 Electric Flux

    • 16.5 Gauss’s Law

    • 16.6 Electric Fields of Conductors

    • 16.7 Dielectric Breakdown

    • 16.8 Lightning



  • 17 Electric Potential

    • 17.1 Potential Energy

    • 17.2 Potential

    • 17.3 Equipotential Surfaces

    • 17.4 Comparison between Gravity and Electricity.

    • 17.5 The Electron Volt



  • 18 The Battery

  • 19 Electric Current

  • 20 Resistance

    • 20.1 Resistivity

    • 20.2 Resistors in Series and Parallel.

    • 20.3 Conductance

    • 20.4 Wire

    • 20.5 Battery Internal Resistance.



  • 21 Ohm’s Law

    • 21.1 Electric Power



  • 22 DC Electric Circuits

    • 22.1 Schematic Diagrams

    • 22.2 Kirchhoff Plots.

    • 22.3 A Simple Circuit.

    • 22.4 Circuit Analysis Principles.



  • 23 Kirchhoff’s Rules

    • 23.1 Example Circuit



  • 24 Electronic Instruments

    • 24.1 Ammeter.

    • 24.2 Voltmeter

    • 24.3 Ohmmeter

    • 24.4 Multimeter.

    • 24.5 Oscilloscope

    • 24.6 Logic Probe



  • 25 Capacitance

    • 25.1 Parallel-Plate Capacitor

    • 25.2 Capacitors in Series and Parallel

    • 25.3 Dielectric Materials in Capacitors

    • 25.4 Energy Stored in a Capacitor.



  • 26 RC Circuits

    • 26.1 Charging RC Circuit

    • 26.2 Discharging RC Circuit



  • 27 Other Electronic Components

    • 27.1 The Diode

    • 27.2 The Transistor

    • 27.3 Integrated Circuits



  • 28 The Incandescent Light Bulb

  • 29 Electronics as a Hobby

    • 29.1 Analog Electronics.

    • 29.2 Digital Electronics

    • 29.3 Amateur Radio.

    • 29.4 Robotics

    • 29.5 Amateur Rocketry

    • 29.6 Amateur Satellites

    • 29.7 Sample Electronics Projects



  • 30 Magnetism

    • 30.1 Magnetic Poles

    • 30.2 Atomic View of Magnetism



  • 31 The Magnetic Field

    • 31.1 Magnetic Field.

    • 31.2 Magnetic Field due to a Single Magnetic Pole

    • 31.3 Magnetic Field Lines

    • 31.4 The Magnetic Dipole

    • 31.5 Magnetic Flux

    • 31.6 Gauss’s Law for Magnetism

    • 31.7 Biot-Savart Law

    • 31.8 Magnetic Field due to a Long Wire

    • 31.9 Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

    • 31.10 Magnetic Field of a Loop or Coil of Wire

    • 31.11 Torque on a Magnetic Dipole in a Magnetic Field

    • 31.12 Magnetic Pressure



  • 32 The Lorentz Force

    • 32.1 Plasmas

    • 32.2 Force on a Wire in a Magnetic Field

    • 32.3 Magnetic Force between Two Long Wires

    • 32.4 The Hall Effect



  • 33 Geomagnetism

    • 33.1 Earth’s Magnetic Dipole

    • 33.2 Magnetic Declination

    • 33.3 Magnetic Inclination

    • 33.4 Magnetic Reversals

    • 33.5 The Magnetosphere

    • 33.6 The Aurora



  • 34 Magnetic Materials

    • 34.1 Diamagnetism

    • 34.2 Paramagnetism.

    • 34.3 Ferromagnetism

    • 34.4 Permanent Magnets

    • 34.5 Curie Temperature

    • 34.6 Eddy Currents



  • 35 Amp`ere’s Law

  • 36 Faraday’s Law

    • 36.1 Lenz’s Law

    • 36.2 Motional EMF



  • 37 Inductance

    • 37.1 Solenoid Inductor

    • 37.2 Inductors in Series and Parallel

    • 37.3 Magnetic Materials in Inductors

    • 37.4 Energy Stored in an Inductor.



  • 38 LR Circuits

  • 39 LC and LCR Circuits

    • 39.1 LC Circuits

    • 39.2 LCR Circuits.



  • 40 AC Circuits

  • 41 Memristance

  • 42 Electromagnetism

    • 42.1 Electromagnetic Waves



  • 43 Radio

    • 43.1 The Ionosphere

    • 43.2 The Crystal Radio

    • 43.3 The Radio Transmitter

    • V Optics



  • 44 Geometrical Optics

    • 44.1 Law of Reflection......................................



  • 45 Mirrors

    • 45.1 Ray Diagrams

    • 45.2 Algebraic Method

    • 45.3 Segmented Mirrors



  • 46 Refraction

    • 46.1 Snell’s Law

    • 46.2 Total Internal Reflection



  • 47 Lenses

    • 47.1 Ray Diagrams

    • 47.2 Algebraic Method

    • 47.3 The Fresnel Lens.



  • 48 Optical Defects

    • 48.1 Spherical Aberration

    • 48.2 Chromatic Aberration

    • 48.3 Astigmatism

    • 48.4 Coma



  • 49 Optical Instruments

    • 49.1 The Magnifying Glass

    • 49.2 The Human Eye

    • 49.3 The Trilobite Eye

    • 49.4 The Camera

    • 49.5 The Microscope

    • 49.6 The Telescope

    • 49.7 The Periscope

    • 49.8 The Kaleidoscope



  • 50 Photometry

    • 50.1 Luminous Flux.

    • 50.2 Luminous Intensity

    • 50.3 Illuminance

    • 50.4 Example: The Sun

    • 50.5 Example: Incandescent Light Bulb

    • 50.6 Astronomical Photometry



  • 51 Young’s Experiment

    • 51.1 Quantum Effects



  • 52 Diffraction

    • 52.1 The Rayleigh Criterion.

    • 52.2 Floaters in the Eye

    • 52.3 The Diffraction Grating



  • 53 Optics of the Hubble Space Telescope

    • 53.1 The Hubble Space Telescope.

    • 53.2 HST Optics Overview

    • 53.3 Resolution

    • 53.4 Spherical Aberration



  • 54 Dispersion

    • 54.1 Cauchy Dispersion Formula

    • 54.2 Sellmeier Dispersion Formula



  • 55 Polarization

    • 55.1 Selective Absorption.

    • 55.2 Reflection; Brewster’s Law

    • 55.3 Scattering

    • 55.4 Birefringence



  • 56 Color

    • 56.1 Lights

    • 56.2 Pigments

    • 56.3 Spectral Colors

    • 56.4 The Chromaticity Diagram.



  • 57 The Rainbow

    • 57.1 Colors

    • 57.2 The Primary Rainbow

    • 57.3 The Secondary Rainbow

    • 57.4 Location of the Rainbow

    • 57.5 Alexander’s Dark Band

    • 57.6 Higher-Order Rainbows

    • VI Modern Physics



  • 58 Special Relativity

    • 58.1 Introduction

    • 58.2 Postulates

    • 58.3 Time Dilation

    • 58.4 Length Contraction

    • 58.5 An Example

    • 58.6 Momentum

    • 58.7 Addition of Velocities

    • 58.8 Energy



  • 59 Superfluids

  • 60 The Standard Model

    • 60.1 Matter

    • 60.2 Antimatter

    • 60.3 Forces

    • 60.4 The Higgs Boson

    • Appendices



  • A Further Reading

  • B Greek Alphabet

  • C Trigonometry

  • D Useful Series

  • E Table of Derivatives

  • F Table of Integrals

  • G Mathematical Subtleties

  • H SI Units

  • I Gaussian Units

  • J Units of Physical Quantities

  • K Physical Constants

  • L Astronomical Data

  • M Unit Conversion Tables

  • N Angular Measure

    • N.1 Plane Angle

    • N.2 Solid Angle



  • O Vector Arithmetic

  • P Matrix Properties

  • Q Moments of Inertia

  • R The Simple Plane Pendulum: Exact Solution

    • R.1 Equation of Motion

    • R.2 Solution,.t/ ........................................

    • R.3 Period



  • S CIE Chromaticity Coordinates

  • T Calculator Programs

  • U Right-Hand Rules

  • V The Earth’s Magnetosphere

  • W Round-Number Handbook of Physics

  • X Short Glossary of Particle Physics

  • Y Fundamental Physical Constants — Extensive Listing

  • Z Periodic Table of the Elements

    • References

    • Index



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