Negative form
4 The negative is formed by putting non (i.e. ‘not’) before the verb:
Formal form
5 In Italian there is a formal way of addressing people which is used with
people we do not know, or when some degree of formality is required. When
the formal form is required, the pronoun used for the singular, for both men
and women, is Lei (third person singular); the pronoun used for the plural is
normally Vo i, but in situations when a high degree of formality is required
Loro can be used:
6 There are some spelling mistakes involving essere and avere which are
commonly made by learners; be careful to remember the following
differences:
Claudio non è mio fratello.
Non siamo italiani.
Non siete stranieri?
Non hai il mio indirizzo?
Non hanno un esame.
Non abbiamo amici italiani.
Non ho la minima idea di cosa
regalare a Paola.Claudio is not my brother.
We’re not Italian.
Aren’t you foreigners?
Haven’t you got my address?
They don’t have an exam.
We haven’t got any Italian friends.
I haven’t the slightest idea what to
give Paola.Lei è molto gentile, Signore.
Lei non è troppo alta, Signora!
Signora Belli, (Lei) ha la patente?Professore, (Lei) ha tempo?
Signor Neri, (Lei) è pronto?
Signori Conti, (Voi) siete italiani?
(Signori Conti, Loro sono italiani?)Yo u’re very kind(, Sir).
Yo u’re not too tall(, Madam)!
Mrs Belli, have you got a driving
licence?
Have you got time(, Professor/Sir)?
Mr Neri, are you ready?
Mr and Mrs Conti, are you Italian?è (he/she/it is)
ho (I have)
hai (you have)
ha (he/she/it has)
hanno (they have)e (and)
o (or)
ai (to the)
a (to)
anno (year)