Jorgensen-Earp, ‘The transfiguring sword’: the just war of the Women’s Social and Political
Union(Tuscaloosa, University of Alabama Press, 1997).
35 J. Kamm, The story of Mrs. Pankhurst(London, Methuen, 1961); H. Champion, The true
book about Emmeline Pankhurst(London, Frederick Muller, 1963); R. Butler, As they saw
her ... Emmeline Pankhurst: portrait of a wife, mother and suffragette(London, Harrap &
Co., 1970); L. Hoy, Emmeline Pankhurst(London, Hamish Hamilton. 1985); M. Pollard,
Tell me about Emmeline Pankhurst(London, Evans Brothers, 1996); M. Hudson, Emmeline
Pankhurst(Oxford, Heineman, 1997).
36 D. Spender, Women of ideas and what men have done to them: from Aphra Behn to Adrienne
Rich(London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982), pp. 394–434; Marcus, Introduction, pp.
1–17; S. S. Holton, ‘In sorrowful wrath’: suffrage militancy and the romantic feminism of
Emmeline Pankhurst, in British feminism in the twentieth century, ed. H. L. Smith
(Aldershot, Edward Elgar, 1990), pp. 7–24; Purvis, ‘Infernal queens’, pp. 259–80; J. Purvis,
Emmeline Pankhurst (1858–1928) and votes for women, in Votes for women, eds Purvis
and Holton, pp. 109–34; J. Purvis, Emmeline Pankhurst: suffragette, militant feminist and
champion of womanhood, in Representing lives: women and auto/biography, eds A. Donnell
and P. Polkey (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 2000), pp. 218–27.
37 See, for example, I. B. Nagel, Biography: fact, fiction and form(London, Macmillan, 1984);
E. Homberger and J. Charmley (eds), The troubled face of biography(London, Macmillan,
1988); C. Heilbrun, Writing a woman’s life(London, The Women’s Press, 1988); U.
O’Connor, Biographers and the art of biography(London, Quartet Books, 1993); T. Iles
(ed.), All sides of the subject: women and biography(New York and London, Teachers
College, Columbia University, 1992); C. Steedman, Past tenses: essays on writing, autobiog-
raphy and history(London, Rivers Oram, 1992); L. Stanley, The auto/biographical I: the
theory and practice of feminist auto/biography(Manchester, Manchester University Press,
1992); B. Caine, Feminist biography and feminist history, Women’s History Review, 3,
1994, pp. 247–61; M. Evans, Missing persons: the impossibility of auto/biography(London,
Routledge, 1999); R. Holmes, Sidetracks: explorations of a romantic biographer(London,
Harper Collins, 2000); J. Burr Margadant (ed.), The new biography: performing femininity in
nineteenth-century France(Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press,
2000).
38 S. Grogan, Flora Trisan: life stories(London, Routledge, 1998), p. 10.
39 O. Banks, The biographical dictionary of British feminists, Vol I 1800–1930(Brighton,
Wheatsheaf Books, 1985), pp. 146–52; E. Sarah, Christabel Pankhurst: reclaiming her
power, in Feminist theorists: three centuries of women’s intellectual traditions, ed. D. Spender
(London, Women’s Press, 1983), pp. 256–84. For further elaboration of my views here see
Purvis, ‘Infernal queens’.
40 E. Bowerman and G. Roe, The ideals of the Women’s Social and Political Union, Calling
All Women (News Letter of the Suffragette Fellowship), 1975, pp. 18–22. For further elabora-
tion of this point and of the construction of suffragette narratives, see L. N. M. Mayhall,
Creating the ‘suffragette spirit’: British feminism and the historical imagination, Women’s
History Review, 4, 1995, pp. 319–44.
41 Examples that adopt a chronological, narrative form and the thematic, shifting identities
approach include P. W. Romero, E. Sylvia Pankhurst: portrait of a radical(New Haven and
London, Yale University Press, 1987) and A. V. John, Elizabeth Robins: staging a life,
1862–1952(London and New York, Routledge, 1995), respectively. For the web of friend-
ships focus see especially Morley with Stanley, Emily Wilding Davison.
42 Stanley, The auto/biographical I, p. 158.
43 E. Pankhurst, My own story(London, Eveleigh Nash, 1914).
44 Rosen, Rise up women!, p. 167; B. Harrison, review of M. Mackenzie Shoulder to shoulder,
Times Literary Supplement, 13 February 1976; M. Pugh, Women’s suffrage in Britain
1867–1928(London, The Historical Association, 1980), p. 40.
45 Pugh, The Pankhursts, pp. xiv, 129.
NOTES