51 Benn, Keir Hardie, p. 127, notes that Hardie and all the twenty-seven other ILP candi-
dates were not elected in 1895.
52 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p, 136; E. S. Pankhurst, Emmeline Pankhurst, p. 38.
53 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 137.
54 Manchester Evening News, 12 June 1896.
55 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 137.
56 Entry for 21 June 1896, Bruce Glasier Diaries, Sydney Jones Library, University of
Liverpool; LL, 27 June 1896.
57 See Rosen, Rise up women!, p. 21.
58 Mrs. Pankhurst, LL, 4 July 1896.
59 Boggart Ho’ Clough, LL, 11 July 1896.
60 Rosen, Rise up women!, p. 22.
61 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 139.
62 C. Pankhurst, Unshackled, p. 34.
63 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, pp. 101 and 147; A. Pankhurst Walsh, My mother, p. 17.
64 Coleman, Adela Pankhurst, p. 21.
65 Entry for 24 October 1896, Bruce Glasier Diaries. See also Steedman, Margaret McMillan,
pp. 103–4.
66 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 141.
67 Nell Hall Humpherson to David Mitchell, 12 June 1964, David Mitchell Collection
(hereafter DMC), Museum of London.
68 LL, 20 and 27 March 1897.
69 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 146.
70 LL, 29 May 1897.
71 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 132.
72 Ibid., p. 145.
73 Ibid., p. 144.
74 C. Pankhurst, Unshackled, p. 35.
5 WIDOWHOOD AND EMPLOYMENT
(1898–FEBRUARY 1903)
1 LL, 16 April 1898.
2 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 124. Sylvia tells another story on the same page about which I
am dubious and to which, therefore, I have made no reference. ‘One Sunday morning
when Christabel was about sixteen, the Doctor spoke of her future. “Christabel has a good
head”, he ejaculated, “I’ll have her coached; she shall matriculate!” Mrs. Pankhurst burst
into tears, protesting that she would not have her daughters brought up to be High
School teachers.’ I have omitted this story since, as Sylvia herself later acknowledges on
p. 164, Christabel did matriculate, and this was at a time when Emmeline was a widow
and encouraging her daughter in academic pursuits. Furthermore, the letters written by
Emmeline to Mr. Nodal, to which I refer towards the end of this chapter, make it quite
clear that, despite her straitened financial circumstances, Emmeline was keen for her
daughters to be educated and was using money of her own and from a fund set up after
Richard’s death for this purpose.
3 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 147; C. Pankhurst, Unshackled, p. 35.
4 E. S. Pankhurst, Emmeline Pankhurst, pp. 40–1; E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 147.
5 C. Pankhurst, Unshackled, p. 35.
6 CP to Sylvia Pankhurst, 1 July 1898, ESPA.
7 E. S. Pankhurst, TSM, p. 140. Sylvia, when trying to keep up with Christabel on one
cycling trip, had been thrown over the handle-bars.
8 C. Pankhurst, Unshackled, p. 35.NOTES