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Make 0-9’ equal to 0-9, and 0-10’ equal to 0-10. Then 9, 9’,
10, and 10’ will be centers for four tangent circle arcs forming
a curve approximating the shape of an ellipse.


Figure 4.28 Example on ellipse construction using four
centered method


U. How to Draw an Ogee Curve
An ogee curve is used to join two parallel lines. It forms a
gentle curve that reverses itself in a neat symmetrical
geometric form.


Given: Parallel lines A-B and C-D


Step 1: Draw a straight line connecting the space between the
parallel lines. In this example, from point B to point C.


Step 2: Make a perpendicular bisector to line B-C to establish
point X.

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