STUDY GUIDE|^51RATIFICATION
E Contrast the arguments of the Federalists with those of the Antifederalists. Pages 37–38
SUMMARY
After the Constitution was written and approved at the
Constitutional Convention, it still needed to be ratifi ed
by nine states. The Constitution was primarily criticized
by the Antifederalists, which gave way to a lengthy public
debate over the merits of the proposed framework. Ulti-
mately, the framers had to include the Bill of Rights, which
was tailored to protect the rights of states and individuals
from the national government, in order to win over the nec-
essary support in the states.
KEY TERM
Bill of Rights (p. 38)
PRACTICE QUIZ QUESTIONS- What group was concerned about the
constitution’s provisions for the strength of the
president and the lack of specifi c guarantees of
civil liberties?
a) Tories
b) Unionists
c) Federalists
d) Antifederalists
e) Free Soilers
KEY TERMS
pluralism (p. 32)
Virginia Plan (p. 32)
New Jersey Plan (p. 32)
Great Compromise (p. 32)
parliamentary system (p. 33)
reserved powers (p. 34)
national supremacy clause (p. 34)
Three-Fifths Compromise (p. 36)
CRITICAL THINKING AND DISCUSSION
If you had been at the Constitutional Convention, which
part of the document would you have worked to change?
How would you have negotiated a compromise to make that
change possible?
PRACTICE QUIZ QUESTIONS
- Madison argued that the best way to prevent the tyr-
anny of factions was to ___.
a) outlaw political parties
b) establish a strong national government
c) have various groups compete against each other in
the government
d) establish strong local governments
e) try to ensure that all people were equal - The Great Compromise provided solutions to which
issue?
a) balancing majority rule with minority rights
b) allocating power between big and small states
c) allocating power between the legislature and
executive
d) allocating power between national and state
governments
e) determining how to handle slavery- How are executives chosen in most other established
democracies?
a) by popular election
b) by the electoral college
c) through selection by the judiciary
d) through selection by the legislature
e) by the United Nations - The outcome of the Three-Fifths Compromise was
that slaves counted for three-fi fths of a person for the
purposes of and .
a) voting; taxation
b) congressional representation; taxation
c) voting; congressional representation
d) taxation; congressional appropriations
e) congressional representation; agricultural
subsidies
S PRACTICE ONLINE
“Big Think” video exercise: What Is the Legacy of
Slavery in America?