Arkhede ̄mos of Tarsos (175 – 125 BCE)
Arkhede ̄mos studied Stoic philosophy under D B and Z
T at Athens and subsequently opened a school in Seleukeia. He is credited with
several titles including On Voice which defined “voice” as body (soma: D L
7.55), On Elements, a discussion of the active and passive principles and the four elements
(D.L. 7.134, 136), and On the Master Argument, probably an attack on D I.
In some work he taught that the he ̄gemo ̄n of the kosmos was fiery and resided in the
center of the Earth, thus explaining volcanoes (SVF frr.15–16).
DPA 1 (1989) 331–333, R. Goulet; GGP 4.2 (1994) 634–635, P. Steinmetz; ECP 48 – 49, Tiz. Dorandi.
GLIM
Arkhelaos (Geog.) (320 – 50 BCE)
Described the lands traversed by Alexander, according to De ̄me ̄trios of Magnesia in
D L 2.17. S 52.18 cites an Archelaus on India, as does -
P, Rivers 1.3 (1150B).
(*)
PTK
Arkhelaos (Lithika) (60 BCE – 10 CE?)
Wrote On rivers, in at least 13 books, and On stones (-P De Fluu. 1.3 [1150B],
9.3 [1155D]; I S 4.36.17). His identity, as well as his very existence are
uncertain. Bidez considered him authentic, while Jacoby, collecting the fragments under
A K, thought them spurious or not attributable to our Arkhelaos.
However, since P quotes the Kappadokian in relation to amber, his identification
with our author could be accepted. Finally nothing excludes identifying our man with
A K.
Bidez (1935) 31; FGrHist 123; Giannini (1964) 111–112; KP 1.503 (#6), H. Volkmann; De Lazzer
(2003) 70; Roller (2004); I. Ramelli, in G. Reale et al., edd., Diogene Laerzio. Vite e dottrine dei più celebri
filosofi (2005) 1330–1331, n.67.
Eugenio Amato
A (A.) ⇒ H
Arkhelaos (Med.) (200 – 700 CE)
Credited with medical fragments. One, in the 15th c. MS of Bologna, Biblioteca Universi-
taria, 3632, ff. 43–45 (Baffioni), discusses pediatrics and seems to come from a larger treatise
based on G. Another appears in On intestines by Io ̄anne ̄s bishop of Prisduana (sup-
posedly of the 12th century), contained in manuscript Paris, BNF, graecus 2286, f.127V,
written by the mid-14th c. monk, philosopher and physician Neophutos Prodrome ̄nos in
Constantinople. In the title of the On intestines, Arkhelaos is listed between P and
S A, and these three names are followed by kai diaphoro ̄n palaio ̄n
iatro ̄n. These two facts suggest that Arkhelaos might have been a palaios iatros and that he was
a member of the same group as Palladios and Stephanos of Alexandria, that is, the School
of Alexandria. Significantly, the Paris MS comes from the most important hospital in
ARKHELAOS (MED.)