taught Isido ̄ros (Damaskios, Vita Isid. fr.160 Zintzen). He ̄raiskos’ interests centered on philo-
sophical explanation of religious phenomena and practices. He formulated a theory of the
elements with reference to Egyptian mysteries (Damaskios, De princ. 3.167.1–24 W.-C.). The
origin of all is the unknowable Darkness, whence arise water and sand, giving birth to
the first Kméphis, an Egyptian god who mated with his mother, symbolic of cyclical
regeneration. He engenders the second Kméphis which in turn produces the third. They
populate the intelligible kosmos. Named after his father and grandfather, the third is in
fact the Sun (which Damaskios interprets as the intelligible intellect). He ̄raiskos may also
divide the intelligible world according to divine features.
RE 8.1 (1912) 421–422, K. Praechter; PLRE 2 (1980) 543–544, 1326; DPA 3 (2000) 628–630,
R. Goulet; BNP 6 (2005) 183, M. Tardieu.
Peter Lautner
He ̄rakla ̄s (110 – 140 CE)
Greek physician (surgeon?), considered a Pneumaticist and pupil of H
A (whence the date-range). O, Coll. 48.1–8 (CMG 6.2.1, pp. 262–268),
quotes him on bandages, from a work hypothetically entitled Peri Edesmato ̄n.
RE 8.1 (1912) 423 (#1), H. Gossen.
Alain Touwaide
He ̄rakleianos of Alexandria (ca 125 – 160 CE)
Physician, son of N, whose Anatomy he epitomized (if ΑΙΛΙΑΝΟΣ in Kühn’s
text is thrice emendable to ΗΡΑΚΛΕΙΑΝΟΣ: G does not cite the father by name:
Musc. Diss. 18B.926–927, 935 K.). He ̄rakleianos, whom Gale ̄n met in Alexandria in 151
(CMG 5.9.1, p. 70 [15.136 K.]), refused Gale ̄n’s later request to see Numisianus’ works,
burning them shortly before his death (Gale ̄n, Admin. Anat. 14.1 [pp.183–184 D.]). See also
M A.
BNP 6 (2005) 155, V. Nutton.
GLIM
He ̄rakleide ̄s “Kritikos” (ca 270 – 230 BCE)
Greek geographer, possibly of a Cretan school (he is known as Kre ̄tikos, traditionally
emended to Kritikos), author of a prose work On the poleis in Greece, probably based on
personal travels. Fragments of the work were found together with the text of D
S K’ poetic periplous and were at first attributed to D.
The description includes lists of sites, distances, details on scenery and inhabitants; it
incorporates poetic citations.
Ed.: GGM 1.97–110; FHG 2.154–164.
F. Pfister, Die Reisebilder des Herakleides (1951); E. Perrin, “Héracleidès le Crétois a Athènes: Les Plaisirs
du tourisme culturel,” REG 107 (1994) 192–202; T. Ballati, “Nota al Peri to ̄n en te ̄ Helladi poleo ̄n di
Eraclide Critico: Ellade e Peloponneso,” in: S. Bianchetti et al., edd., Ποικ'λμα: Studi in onore di
Michele R. Cataudella (2001) 1.49–62.
Daniela DueckHE ̄RAKLA ̄S