Athe ̄nodo ̄ros of Melite ̄ before Philo ̄n took over completion of the project (between 317 and
307 BCE). Rebuilding of the colonnade in Roman times has apparently obliterated most, if
not all, of the portions of the project completed under Philo ̄n.
F. Noack, Eleusis (1927) 112–139; K. Jeppesen, Paradeigmata: Three Mid-Fourth Century Main Works of
Hellenic Architecture Reconsidered (1958) 69–101, 109–131; K. Clinton, “Inscriptions from Eleusis,”
ArchEph (1971) 107–113; J.J. Coulton, Greek Architects at Work (1977) 25, 54–55, 57–58; A. Linfert, Die
Skeuotheke des Philon im Piräus (1981); G. Steinhauer, “La decouverte de l’arsenal de Philon,” Tropis 4
(1996) 471–479; Svenson-Evers (1996) 301–315.
Christopher A. Pfaff
Philo ̄n of Gadara (150 – 270 CE)
E (In Arch. Circ.dim. 4.162.18–24), following Philo ̄n’s student S N,
explains that Philo ̄n found a better numerical approximation of the circumference of the
circle than A’. Eutokios next apparently refers to lost works of both A
and Philo ̄n, reproaching both for using excessively complex algorithms for
calculating with myriads.
BNP 11 (2007) 62 (#I.15), Gr. Damschen.
Alain Bernard
Philo ̄n of He ̄rakleia (295 – 235 BCE)
To be distinguished from the Byzantine Philo ̄n (Peri to ̄n hepta theamato ̄n); composed a mirabilia-
collection (I S, Ecl. Phys. 1.52.48).
Ed.: PGR 110 – 111.
RE 18.3 (1949) 1137–1166 (§6, 1142–1143), K. Ziegler.
Jan Bollansée, Karen Haegemans, and Guido Schepens
Philo ̄n of Huampolis (50 – 90 CE)
Physician, interlocutor in P’s Quaest. Conv. He argues that animals partaking in
simple and uniform diets are healthier than humans with mixed and richly flavored diets
(4.1.2 [661B-E]). Despite favoring a simple diet, his pharmaceuticals included many min-
eral, vegetable, and animal products of land and sea (4.1.3 [663C]). Philo ̄n suggests that oil
is hostile to most plants, which perish when grafted onto cypress and pine, which are
very oily (2.6 [640B-D]). He claims that thirst arises not from a deficiency of drink but a
change in the shape of bodily channels (poroi: 6.2.1 [687B-C] – suggesting Methodist or
Askle ̄piadean leanings). He also conjectured that some diseases, e.g., elephantiasis, were
newly discovered since no ancient treatises existed, against which the doctor A
was cited as a witness; Philo ̄n further adds the long existence of these diseases would convict
ancient medical writers of either negligence or ignorance (8.9.1 [731A–B], 8.9.3 [732B]).
RE 20.1 (1941) 60 (#61), H. Diller; BNP 11 (2007) 61–62 (#I.14), V. Nutton.
GLIM
Philo ̄n of Tarsos (10 – 35 CE)
Greek physician, in whose honor, perhaps, the Philoneia medicines were named. C
preserves Philo ̄n’s collyrium compounded from psimuthion, spodion, gum, and poppy,
PHILO ̄N OF TARSOS