The Encyclopedia of Ancient Natural Scientists: The Greek tradition and its many heirs

(Ron) #1

B (2), D, M, P (?), Z.


Sigeion (mod. Yenis ̧ehir near Kumkale; 40 ̊ 00 ’ N, 26 ̊ 12 ’ E): coastal city in the Troas
near Ilion, founded by Mutile ̄ne ̄, allied with Athens in the 5th c. BCE. OCD3 1406,
S. Hornblower; BAGRW 56-C2; NP 11.535–536, E. Schwertheim.
D.
Sikuo ̄n (mod. Vasilikon; 37 ̊ 59 ’ N, 22 ̊ 44 ’ E): Dorian coastal city west of Corinth and
straight north of Argos, which dominated it through ca 650 BCE, after which linked with
Athens until ca 550 BCE; then allied with Sparta. Under The ̄bai of Boio ̄tia 371 – 251
BCE (moved 303 BCE by De ̄me ̄trios Poliorke ̄te ̄s to higher ground), after which in the
Akhaian League; enriched after the destruction of Corinth 146 BCE, then declined after
Corinth re-founded 46 BCE. PECS 839 – 840, R. Stroud; OCD3 1403 – 1404, J.B. Salmon;
BAGRW 58-D2; NP 11.543–544, Y. Lafond and E. Olshausen.
A, E, H, P.
Sino ̄pe ̄ (mod. Sinop; 42 ̊ 02 ’ N, 35 ̊ 10 ’ E): on the south shore of the Black Sea, west of
Amisos and east of He ̄rakleia Pontike ̄, with two good harbors. The earliest colony of
Mile ̄tos founded on the Black Sea (late 7th c. BCE), commanded regional maritime trade
and established many of its own colonies. Became the capital of the kingdom of Pontos 183
BCE (moved from Amaseia), then made a colonia under Rome by C, remaining
prosperous into the 3rd c. CE. Source of tuna, timber, and Sino ̄pian earth. PECS
842, E. Akurgal; OCD3 1412, T.R.S. Broughton and St. Mitchell; BAGRW 87-A2; NP
11.585–586, C. Marek.
M VI.
Siphnos (mod. Siphnos; 36 ̊ 59 ’ N, 24 ̊ 40 ’ E): Aegean island west of Paros and south-
south-east of Kuthnos, with silver mines active from the 3rd millennium BCE; prosperous
in the 6th c. BCE, until plundered by exiles from Samos 525 BCE. Allied with Athens
against Persia; in decline from the 4th c. BCE, as mines were exhausted. PECS 842, M.B.
Wallace; OCD3 1412 – 1413, R.W.V. Catling; BAGRW 60-C4; NP 11.589–590, A. Külzer.
D.
Ske ̄psis (mod. Kurs ̧unlu Tepe; 40 ̊ 08 ’ N, 26 ̊ 29 ’ E): Greek city of Troas, augmented with
settlers from Mile ̄tos, on the shore of the Hellespont, and north of Assos. S
13.1.54 records the tale that A’s library was hidden here for a century (ca 190 – 90
BCE). OCD3 1362, J.M. Cook and S. Hornblower; BAGRW 56-D2; NP 11.611, E.
Schwertheim.
M.
Smurna/Zmurna, Smurne ̄/Zmurne ̄ (mod. Izmir; 38 ̊ 25 ’ N, 27 ̊ 09 ’ E): coastal colony
of Kolopho ̄n at the head of the Hermaic Gulf, near the Maiandros valley; most prosper-
ous from 650 to 600 BCE, when sacked by Alyatte ̄s of Ludia. Refounded on new site ca 300
BCE; praised by S 14.1.37 as a center of art and science, with a library (but
no sewers); restored by M. Aurelius after the earthquake of 178 CE. PECS 847 – 848,
E. Akurgal; OCD3 1417, W.M. Calder et al.; BAGRW 56-E5; NP 11.661–663, G. Petzl and
Al. Berger.
A, H, H, H, H (?), M, M,
M, P, S, S, T.
% Soloi: seemingly impossible to determine from which of the two homonymous sites
these men came:
A, T.
Soloi (Kilikia) (mod. Virans ̧ehir west of Mersin; 36 ̊ 48 ’ N, 34 ̊ 37 ’ E): near Tarsos, founded


GAZETTEER
Free download pdf