See also: A A, A, A A,
A, A T, P-A, A, A-
S, A, C, D, D L,
E, G, I F, I P, I
(.), I “L,” I S, L , O
M, X, G, M A, O
T, O, P L, T V
R, T, T, T L, M. T
C, Z K.
acopum (pl. acopa) Latin for akopon.
aigilo ̄ps a kind of eye-ulcer (C 7.7; G UP 10.10 [3.808 K.]); to be dis-
tinguished from the homonymous plant (T CP 5.15.5; D
4.137).
See also: L, M (P.).
aithe ̄r originally the clear air above the clouds and mist: H Theog. 125; H,
Iliad 2.455–458; P, Kratulos 410b. Perhaps already with the Pythagoreans is
considered as a distinct cosmic element (P DK 12, whose authenticity
Huffmann 1993: 392–395 doubts). Plato and the early Academics appear to consider
it as the second most important element after fire (Phaedo 109b9, 111b2, Timaeus
58d1, E 984b–e), while A takes it to be an indestructible element
responsible for the eternal existence and circular movement of the planets, De
Caelo 1.3 (268b10–270b31), 2.6 (288a13–288b35); O K 2 (392a5–b4); a
point disputed within the Peripatos, esp. by X. BNP 1 (2002) 269–270,
F. Graf.
See also: A T, A, B S (S), E,
H A, K, O K, P, P,
S A, T, T.
akopon (Lat.: acopum) an anodyne poultice, plaster, or potion, frequently used as a
dermal anesthetic in surgery or in the treatment of wounds, e.g. those sustained by
gladiators and soldiers. C 4.31.8, 5.24.1; S L 156, 161, 206,
254, 268 et al.; P 23.89; G, CMGen 7.11–13 (13.1005–1039 K.).
See also: A (P.), A, A, A S,
C, D N, H, I A, I S,
K, M A, O, O ̄, P, Q,
S C.
alkuoneion one of several types of “bastard corals” (zoophytes) generally native to the
Black, Mediterranean, and Red Seas, employed as external medicines (usually reduced
to ash or powdered) for skin-cleaning (including depilation) and tooth-whiteners, and
internally as a diuretic: H, Mul. 1.106 (8.230 Littré); D,
MM 5.118; G, Simples 11.2.3 (12.370–371 K.). J. Berendes (Pedanios Dioskurides aus
Anazarbos Arzneimittellehre [1902] p. 541) identifies the five sorts listed by Dioskouride ̄s:
Alcyoneum cortoneum Pall., A. papillosum Pall., A. palmatum Pall., Spongia panicea Pall., and
A. ficus Pall. To be distinguished from kouralion, “coral” (Dioskouride ̄s, MM 5.121).
See also: E, P, S.
ami or ammi Indian species transplanted to Egypt, variously known as ajowan (thus
“Ajowan oil”), ajwain, Bishop’s weed, sometimes Ammi Copticum; identified as Carum
Copticum Benth. and Hook: D, MM 3.62; P 20.163; G, Simples
GLOSSARY