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in 1891 to help boost its fl edgling tourist industry. In
1881 the Canadian Pacifi c Railway Company hired
him to photograph construction of its line. While still
engaged as the NPRR’s photographer, he also obtained
a photographic concession in Yellowstone National
Park (1884–1916). Between 1885–1905 Haynes had
the use of a special Pullman Palace Car, equipped as
a mobile photo studio. His wife, Lily V. Snyder (m.
1878), managed the darkroom and business in Fargo,
North Dakota, between 1879–1889. Haynes relocated
from Fargo in 1889 to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he
remained until his death on March 10, 1921. Haynes
worked in both stereograph and single-lens formats up
to at least 8 × 10 inch glass negatives. His negatives,
business and personal records are jointly preserved
by the Montana Historical Society and Montana State
University.
David Mattison
HEADINGLEY, ADOLPHE SMITH
(1846–1924)
English photographer
The bringing together of the photographer John
Thomson and the left-wing political writer and activ-
ist Adolphe Smith Headingley to work on the project
which resulted in Street Life in London (1877–78), was
a logical progression from the collaboration between
Richard Beard and Henry Mayhew more than two
decades earlier on Mayhew’s study of London Labour
and the London Poor.
Headingley, who wrote under the name of Adolphe
Smith, was relatively unknown when he and Thomson
collaborated on Street Life and the pairing was an in-
spired one. Both men had sympathy towards the living
and working conditions of their subjects. Smith wrote
twenty-four of the essays, to Thomson’s twelve, and
his texts are generally more socially contextualised and
fact-fi lled than Thomson’s.
Smith would later make a name for himself as a
political writer with an evangelical reforming zeal.
To Smith is also credited the marrying of the words
of Irish journalist Jim Connell’s 1889 song The Red
Flag, offi cial anthem of the British Labour Party, with
the traditional tune Tannenbaum, or Maryland instead
of The White Cockade, the old Jacobite tune to which
Connell had originally set the words.
From 1886 until 1905, he served as an interpreter at
successive International Trades Union Congresses.
John HannavyHEID, HERMANN (1834–1891)
Austrian photographer, manufacturer, and publisher
Hermann Heid was born on 17 December 1834 in
Darmstadt (Germany, at that time the residence of the
Grand Duchy of Hessen darmstadt). He was a chemist
and had already attained a doctorate when he started
his career in photography, which led to the creation
of the private technical school of Julius Schnauss I in
Jena by 1855, then in 1861 to the studios of Emil of the
Rabending in Vienna. Consequently he developed into
one of the most versatile photographers in Austria. In
1864 at the fi rst exhibition of the photographic society
in Vienna, he still predominantly showed as a coworker
of Rabending Portraets. However, from today’s view his
architectural and industrial photographs (plants of the
Semmeringbahn, quarries of the Viennese building fi rm,
Danube bridges, large-scale building sites of the Vien-
nese struggle race) are impressive. Heid published the
majority of its photographs in his own publishing house.
Its painter studies appeared successfully also, with Adol-
phe Giraudon in Paris (frequently wrongly attributed at
Louis Igout). Since the mid-1860s owner of studios in
Vienna and Budapest, in 1875 he entered additionally
into the production of photographic materials, fi rst the
production of collodio-wool (starting from 1875), then
from gel drying plates (starting from 1880).
Maren GroeningHAYNES, FRANK JAY
Haynes, Frank Jay. Old Faithful Geyser.
The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles © The J. Paul Getty
Museum.