Basic English Grammar with Exercises

Suggested Answers and Hints - Chapter 7

The sequence the-friends cannot move without the PP complement, as the DP that

includes the definite article and the noun contains the PP as well. Technically

speaking, there is no node that dominates the determiner and the noun head, but does

not dominate the PP complement.

(iv) In sentences (4a) and (4b) the subject of the non-finite subordinate clause

moves to the subject position of the matrix sentence. In sentence (4a) only a part of the

subject moves, the complement clause of the head of the subject DP remains in its

original position and this gives us the wrong result. The complement DP cannot be

separated from the head and the determiner as they form one constituent.

(7) DP

D'

D NP

the N'

N CP

fact that he had resigned

The complement CP is part of the phrases headed by the noun and the determiner,

respectively, while there is no common node that dominates D and N but does not

dominate the complement clause.

Exercise 9

passivisation – substitution: f, i; subject–auxiliary inversion – substitution: b, c;

topicalisation – adjunction: d, h; extraposition – adjunction: a, g; preposing –

adjunction: e, j