Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

(Sean Pound) #1
1258 Index

ice age xxvii. See also Pleisto-
cene Epoch
art 105, 106
climate and geography
247, 254–255
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 577
migration and population
movements 719–720
natural disasters 780, 783
iceman. See Ötzi
ideograms
education 380
writing 1184, 1185
Ierá Hodós 889
Ifa system 925
Igbo-Ukwu people 92
Ikhnaton (king of Egypt).
See Amenhotep IV (king of
Egypt)
Ile Ife 205
Iliad (Homer)
education 382
foreigners and barbarians
488
laws and legal codes 628
literature 655–656
money and coinage 759
music and musical instru-
ments 769
scandals and corruption
915
social organization 1032
war and conquest 1146
weaponry and armor 1169
illuminated manuscript 94
illumination (lighting)
583–592
Africa 583–585
Americas 592
Asia and the Pacifi c
587–588
Egypt 585–586
Europe 588–589, 589f
Greece 589–590
Middle East 586–587,
586 f
Rome 590–592, 591f
Illyrian Emperors (Rome)
417
imagines 320
Imbolc festival 467
Imhotep
architecture 57
death and burial practices
314
empires and dynasties
392
Imperial Cult 861
Imperial Period (Rome)
gender structures and roles
502
government organization
533
slaves and slavery 993
imports 43

Inanna 212
Inca civilization
children 198
empires and dynasties 421
incertum wall 160
India. See also Gupta Dynas-
ty; Harappan civilization;
Maurya Dynasty; Vedic
Period
agriculture 32
architecture 68–69
art 100, 105
astronomy 129
borders and frontiers 144
calendars and clocks 167
children 192–193
climate and geography
248
clothing and footwear
277–278
craft s 289, 290
crime and punishment
296, 300–301
drama and theater 332–
333
economy 355, 357–359
education 381
empires and dynasties
401–403
employment and labor
430
family 452
festivals 466
foreigners and barbarians
487
gender structures and roles
498
government organization
522–523
health and disease 549
household goods 565
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 577
illumination 587–588
inventions 598
language 613–614
laws and legal codes 625
literature 649–651
migration and population
movements 705
military 730
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 746
money and coinage 757
natural disasters 779
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 791, 792
numbers and counting
802
occupations 812
pandemics and epidem-
ics 824
religion and cosmology
845–847
resistance and dissent 875
roads and bridges 883

sacred sites 902
scandals and corruption
913
science 932, 934–935
seafaring and navigation
956
settlement patterns 968
slaves and slavery 989
socia l organization 1010,
1023–1024
sports and recreation
1051–1052
storage and preservation
1066
textiles and needlework
1079, 1081
towns and villages 1085,
1090
trade and exchange 1100–
1101
t ra nspor tat ion 1115
war and conquest 1138–
114 0
weaponry and armor 1166
weights and measures
1176
writing 1187, 1188
Indian Ocean
climate and geography
248
exploration 443
seafaring and navigation
953
Indo-European language
language 615
migration and population
movements 703–705,
708–709
Indo-Iranian-speaking cul-
tures 703–705
Indonesia. See also Java
climate and geography
250–251
literature 651
Indus River 248
industries
economy 355
employment and labor
432, 435
Indus Valley Civilization. See
Harappan civilization
infanticide 454–456
infant mortality
children 189, 193–195
family 450
health and disease 545,
547, 550, 553
infantry
military 726–727, 730,
733, 734
war and conquest 1133,
1134, 1139, 114 4, 1147,
1148, 1150
infants
children 191
clothing and footwear 282

infections
health and disease 551
pandemics and epidem-
ics 821
infectious disease 828
infertility 449, 451
infi delity. See adultery
infi nitesimal numbers 804
infl ation
economy 370
employment and labor 434
infl uenza 823–824
ingots
money and coinage 758,
761 f
weights and measures 1177
inheritance 454
Initial Period (Americas)
art 121
calendars and clocks 173
ink 1190
inkwell 1191f
inoculation 824
insects
food and diet 473
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 576
storage and preservation
1066
instruction literature
literature 643–645
war and conquest 1128
insulae
architecture 81–82
building techniques and
materials 161
cities 227
social organization 1038
towns and villages 1093
Insula of Diana at Ostia
81–82
insurance
money and coinage 760
occupations 815
intellectual status 942
interest rates 760
Intertropical Convergence
Zone 237
Inuit
borders and frontiers 148
exploration 446
migration and population
movements 720
trade and exchange 1107–
1108
invasions 1130, 1138
inventions 592–605
Africa 593–594, 593f
Americas 603–605
Asia and the Pacifi c 598–
599, 599f
Egypt 594–596, 595f
Europe 599–600
Greece 600–601
Middle East 596–597, 597f
Rome 601–603, 602f

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