Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture: practices, sustainability and implications

Status and trends on the use of small pelagic fish species in Chile 319

obtained gross revenues for the jack mackerel resource of around US$13 525 935; this

value divided by the number of artisanal fishers results in an annual average per capita

income of US$1 334. Based on the monthly average price of jack mackerel industrial

landings, a gross income of about US$105 370 326 was generated, which represent an

annual average income per boat of approximately US$1 033 042 or US$1 982 per crew

member.

National fishmeal production is about 829 thousand tonnes, of which 221 thousand

tonnes come specifically from the jack mackerel resource (SERNAPESCA, 2006). The

fishmeal production in Region VIII is around 435 thousand tonnes (52.6 percent of

the national production); of this, 176 thousand tonnes are from jack mackerel, which

represents 40.4 percent of the total fishmeal production of the Region. According to

the fishing industry, to produce 1 tonne of fishmeal requires around 4.1 tonnes of fresh

fish, which means that in Region VIII, 712 thousand tonnes of fresh jack mackerel were

used to produce 176 thousand tonnes of fishmeal (SERNAPESCA, 2006). Considering

that the average sale price during 2005 was US$643 per tonne, the gross income from

fishmeal produced in Region VIII was approximately US$113 200 000.

The export of jack mackerel during 2005 reached values of around US$164.8

million, ranking third in importance among total national exports of fish. During that

year, canned jack mackerel represented 52 percent of the total exports for this species,

followed by frozen jack mackerel with 35 percent and surimi with 12 percent. If the

TABLE 17

Volumes and FOB values of processed jack mackerel by product line in Region VIII

Product line Raw material (tonnes)

Processed

product

(tonnes)

Relation

RM/PP*

FOB value (US$/

tonne processed)

Total value (US$

million in 2005)

Fishmeal 712 311 175 985 4 643 113

Canned fish 281 885 93 707 3 1 059 99

Frozen fish 160 716 115 846 1 473 55

Surimi 59 948 17 277 3 1 130 20

Peptones 3 711 916 4 1 052 1

Fresh cooled

fish^283 256 1 482 0

Smoked fish 28 17 2 4 000 0

Total 1 218 882 ** 40 4 004 3 288

* RM/PP: relation between raw material and processed product.

** According to the national statistics service SERNAPESCA, the jack mackerel total landing in Region VIII

is 969 thousand tonnes; however, the statistics of the SERNAPESCA affiliated institutions responsible

for one specific product line give values that are greater than the registered landings for the region.

Apparently, the fish processing industry in Region VIII receives raw material from others regions.

Source: SERNAPESCA (2006); BCC (2006)

TABLE 18

Product line Raw material (tonnes)

Processed

product

(tonnes)

Relation

RM/PP**

FOB value (US$/

tonne processed)

Total value (US$

million in 2005)

Fishmeal 561 226 138 658 4 643 89

Canned fish 222 096 73 831 3 1 059 78

Frozen fish 126 627 91 274 1 473 43

Surimi 47 233 13 612 3 1 130 15

Peptones 2 924 722 4 1 052 1

Fresh chilled

fish^223 202 1 482 0

Smoked fish 22 36 1 4 000 0

Total 960 350 318 335 3 227

*Adjusted volumes and values in relation to the true jack mackerel landing in Region VIII.

**RM/PP: relation between raw material and processed product.

Source: SERNAPESCA (2006); BCC (2006)

Adjusted volumes and FOB values of processed jack mackerel by product line in Region VIII*