Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture: practices, sustainability and implications

342 Fish as feed inputs for aquaculture – Practices, sustainability and implications

5.1.2 Frozen fish

The landing of 321 221

tonnes of seafood for

freezing in 2005 generated a

production of 145 575 tonnes

of processed products.

Fifty-three percent of the

frozen products was used

for household consumption,

and the balance was sent

to export markets. This,

in terms of internal

consumption, represented a

contribution to the annual

per capita consumption of

2.8 kg, the highest average of the last few

years.

The jumbo flying squid is currently the

main species landed for the freezing industry,

replacing the Pacific hake (Figure 14). In

2005, jumbo flying squid represented 73

percent of the landing for freezing. In Peru,

frozen products (mainly whole fish) are

mostly consumed in coastal areas or in areas

of close proximity that are equipped with

cold storage and supermarket chains that

enable the products to be distributed under

satisfactory quality conditions. Frozen whole

fish is sometimes stored and thawed before it

is sold for direct consumption.

5.1.3 Canned fish

The production of canned

products is based on the use

of pelagic species such as jack

mackerel, chub mackerel and,

more recently, anchoveta (Figure

15). In 2005, the landing of

89 359 tonnes of fish for canning

resulted in a production of 55 502

tonnes of canned fish, of which

approximately 22 percent was

exported. It is important to note,

however, that the canned fish

industry has been very sensitive to

the drastic decrease of the sardine

in Peruvian coastal waters. Before 2000, the landings of this species did not exceed

100 000 tonnes and were directed to fishmeal and canning production.

Of the total production, 46 000 tonnes were directed to domestic consumption,

resulting in an annual per capita consumption above 3.1 kg. Canned products, because

of their easy storage, are easily distributed throughout the country. It should be

emphasized that in 2005 small pelagics represented 60 percent of the total landing

destined to the canning process.

FIGURE 13

Proportion of landed fish of different species/species groups

used for direct human consumption as fresh fish, 2000–2005

Source: PRODUCE (2001, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006a)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Others

Pacificmenhaden

Jumbo flyingsquid

C hub m a cke re l

Commondolphinfish

Flathead greym ulle t

Jack mackerel

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

FIGURE 14

Proportion of landings used for frozen fish

production, 2000–2005

Source: PRODUCE (2001, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006a)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Other fish

Squid

Scallops

Jumbo flying

squid

Pacific hake

FIGURE 15

Proportion of landings used for canned fish

production, 2000–2005

Source: PRODUCE (2001, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006a)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Other fish

Tuna

Anchoveta

Chub mackerel

Jack mackerel

Sardine