Modern German Grammar: A Practical Guide, Second Edition

(Rick Simeone) #1

viii



  • I Letters and sounds PART A Structures

    • 1 Vowels

    • 2 Diphthongs

    • 3 Consonants

    • 4 Stress



  • II Word order

    • 5 Simple sentences and main clauses

    • 6 Two main clauses

    • 7 Direct questions and commands

    • 8 Subordinate clauses

    • 9 Indirect questions



  • 10 Relative clauses

  • 11 Order of adverbials

  • 12 Noun and pronoun objects

  • 13 Position of nicht

  • 14 Position of reflexive pronouns

  • 15 Flexible word order and emphasis

  • III The case system

  • 16 The cases

  • 17 The nominative

  • 18 The accusative

  • 19 The dative

  • 20 The genitive

  • 21 Apposition

  • IV Nouns

  • 22 The article

  • 23 Use of the articles

  • 24 Determiners

  • 25 Gender

  • 26 Compound nouns and acronyms

  • 27 Gender variations

  • 28 Noun declensions

  • 29 Plurals

  • V Pronouns

  • 30 Pronoun reference and forms

  • 31 Other forms used as pronouns

  • 32 Pronouns used after prepositions

  • VI Verbs

  • 33 Verb forms

  • 34 Use of tenses

  • 35 Modal verbs

  • 36 Separable and inseparable verbs

  • 37 Reflexive verbs

  • 38 Prepositional verbs

  • 39 The subjunctive

  • 40 The passive

  • 41 Imperatives

  • 42 Basic sentence patterns: verbs and their completion

  • VII Adjectives and adverbs

  • 43 Predicative and attributive adjectives

  • 44 Declension following der etc.

  • 45 Declension following ein etc.

  • 46 ‘Zero’ declension

  • 47 Other adjective types

  • 48 Comparison of adjectives

  • 49 Extended adjectival phrases

  • 50 Adverbs

  • 51 Comparison of adverbs

  • VIII Word structure and word formation

  • 52 Principles of word formation

  • 53 Forming verbs

  • 54 Forming nouns

  • 55 Forming adjectives

  • 56 Forming adverbs

  • 57 The meaning of verbal prefixes

  • IX Style and orthography

  • 58 Formal and informal style

  • 59 Spelling and punctuation

  • X Social contact Part B Functions

  • 60 Greeting

  • 61 Making introductions

  • 62 Taking leave

  • 63 Eating and drinking

  • 64 Giving and receiving compliments

  • 65 Expressing commiseration

  • 66 Expressing good wishes

  • 67 Giving and receiving thanks, expressing appreciation

  • 68 Expressing apologies and regret

  • XI Giving and seeking factual information

  • 69 Talking and enquiring about existence

  • 70 Talking and enquiring about absence and non-existence

  • 71 Expressing and enquiring about availability

  • 72 Talking about non-availability

  • 73 Identifying and seeking identification

  • 74 Describing people

  • 75 Describing objects

  • 76 Describing actions and processes

  • 77 Avoiding describing the agent of processes and actions

  • 78 Describing origins and provenance

  • XII Putting events into a wider context

  • 79 Giving reasons and purpose

  • 80 Providing spatial context

  • 81 Providing temporal context

  • 82 Talking about cause and effect

  • 83 Drawing conclusions with reference to sources

  • 84 Referring to sources of information

  • 85 Reporting other people’s words and claims

  • 86 Expressing necessity

  • 87 Expressing ability to do something

  • 88 Conveying doubt and certainty

    • and conditions 89 Expressing assumptions, discussing possibility, probability



  • XIII Transactions: getting things done

  • 90 Attracting attention

  • 91 Helping and advising

  • 92 Asking for something to be done

  • 93 Expressing needs, wishes and desires

    • 94 Expressing objections and complaints

    • 95 Giving and seeking promises and assurances

    • 96 Issuing, accepting and declining invitations and offers

    • 97 Seeking, granting and denying permission

    • 98 Making, accepting and declining suggestions

    • 99 Issuing and responding to warnings



  • XIV Conveying attitudes and mental states

  • 100 Asserting and denying the truth of something

  • 101 Expressing knowledge

  • 102 Remembering and forgetting

  • 103 Expressing future intentions

  • 104 Expressing likes and dislikes: people, things and situations

  • 105 Indicating preferences

  • 106 Expressing indifference

  • 107 Voicing opinion

  • 108 Expressing firm convictions

  • 109 Expressing agreement and disagreement

  • 110 Talking about physical well being

  • 111 Expressing happiness, fear and sadness

  • 112 Expressing satisfaction and dissatisfaction

  • 113 Expressing hopes, wishes and disappointment

  • 114 Expressing surprise

  • 115 Expressing enjoyment and pleasure

  • XV Communication strategies

  • 116 Using fillers

  • 117 Keeping the channel open

  • 118 Asking for spoken linguistic cues

  • 119 Shaping the course of a conversation

  • 120 Turn-taking in conversations

  • 121 Delivering monologues (formal speaking)

  • Index

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