214 THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMADJufna, and Bano alShutayba. The close associates of the Jews shall be viewed as
themselves. None of them shall go to war without Muhammad's permission.
However, he is not (thereby) constrained from taking revenge for injury.
Whoever attacks another may do so (to protect) himself and his family, but (act)
not unjustly, for God condemns such acts. The Jews shall bear their own
expenses, the Muslims theirs. Each must help one another against any who fight
those who adopt this document. They must give one another advice and consulta-
tion; and do good and avoid evil. A man is not held blameworthy on behalf of his
ally. Help must be given to those wronged. The centre of Yathrib shall he a sanc-
tuary for those who agree to this document. One's neighbour shall he ueated as
oneself, without being harmed or sinned against. No property shall be encroached
upon without the permission of its owner.
"'In the case of any dispute or incident occurring between those agreeing to this
document, and involving consequences likely to be harmful, the matter must be
referred to God and to M+ammad, the Messenger of God. God acknowledges
what is very good and very pious in this document. Quraysh and those who help
them shall receive no protection. (Those accepting this document) must help one
another against anyone attacking Yathrib. If they are called upon to make peace and
do so and keep to it, they will he making peace; if they make a similar demand, then
it is up to the Muslims to agree except if the warfare is over the Faith. Each parti-
cipant shall receive whatever portion is due to him from his own side's winnings.
"'This document will not provide protection for anyone sinful or unjust.
Whoever goes to war will he safe; whoever stays in the town will be safe - except
for those who have sinned or been unjust. God provides protection for those who
are good and pious."'
Ibn Ishiiq gives it in approximately this form. Abii 'Ubayd al-@sin b. Salw,
God bless him, criticized this hadith at length in his K~tab al-Charib (Book of the
Strange) and elsewhere.
Section: On the establishment by the Messenger of God (WS) of a pact of
brotherhood between the Emigrants and the Helpers so that they would befriends.
As the Almighty stated, "And those who made their abode in the town and in the
faith before them do love those who emigrated to them. They do not find in their
hearts a need for what they are given, and prefer (them) even before themselves,
despite their own poverty. Those who are saved from the meanness of them-
selves shall be successful" (ssrat al-Hashr; LM, v.9). And He also said, "as for
those with whom you made agreements, give them their due; God is wihless to
all things" (siirat al-Nk2; IV, v.33).
Al-Bukhm stated, "Al-Salt b. Mubarnmad related to us, quoting Abii Uswa,
from Idris, from Talb b. Mu~amif, from Sacld b. Jubayr, that Ibn 'Abba, com-
menting on the following verse, 'And to everyone we have appointed heirs' (Mrat
al-Nk2; IV, v.33), said 'The heirs of "those with whom you made agreements"