I

886

Index

A

Absolute stability, 160

Ackermann’s formula:

for observer gain matrix, 756–57

for pole placement, 730–31

Actuating error, 8

Actuator, 21–22

Adjoint matrix, 876

Air heating system, 150

Aircraft elevator control system, 156

Analytic function, 860

Angle:

of arrival, 286

of departure, 280, 286

Angle condition, 271

Asymptotes:

Bode diagram, 406–07

root loci, 274–75, 284–85

Attenuation, 165

Attitude-rate control system, 386

Automatic controller, 21

Automobile suspension system, 86

Auxiliary polynomial, 216

B

Back emf, 95

constant, 95

Bandwidth, 474, 539

Basic control actions:

integral, 24

on-off, 22

proportional, 24

proportional-plus-derivative, 25

proportional-plus-integral, 24

proportional-plus-integral-plus-

derivative, 35

two-position, 22–23

Bleed-type relay, 111

Block, 17

Block diagram, 17–18

reduction, 27–28, 48

Bode diagram, 403

error in asymptotic expression of, 403

of first-order factors, 406–07, 409

general procedure for plotting, 413

plotting with MATLAB, 422–25

of quadratic factors, 410–12

of system defined in state space,

426–27

Branch point, 18

Break frequency, 406

Breakaway point, 275–76, 285–86, 351

Break-in point, 276, 281, 285–86, 351

Bridged-T networks, 90, 520

Business system, 5

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