NOTES TO THE TEXT
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTORY
1 A. J. Arberry, Arabic Poetry, A Primer for Students (1965), pp. 18-21.
2 R. A. Nicholson, Studies in Islamic Poetry (1921), p. 50.
3 H. A. R. Gibb & Harold Bowen, Islamic Society and the West (1963), vol. I, part n,
p. 164.
4 See Martin 'Abbud, Ruwwad al-Nahda al-Haditha (Beirut, 1952), p. 39.
5 Abd al-Rahman al-Jabaitl'Aja'ib al-Athar fi'lTarajim wa'l Akhbar (Cairo 1322A.H.),
vol. I, p. 83.
6 Marun 'Abbud, Ruwwad, p. 27.
7 The story of Muhammad Ali's innovations in Egyptian education is admirably told
in J. Heyworth-Dunne's book An Introduction to the History of Education in Modern
Egypt,(l9i&).
8 See J. Heywoith-Dunne, 'Printing and Translation under Muhammad Ali' Journal
of the Royal Asiatic Society (July 1940), 325-49.
9 See Ishaq Musa al-Husaini, Al-Madkhal ila'l Adab al-'Arabi al-Mu'asir (Cairo, 1963),
p. 27 and Jak Tajir, Harakat al-Tarjama bi Misr khilal al-Qarn al-Tast 'Ashar (Cairo,
194 5), p. 113. On the impressive size of the translations undertaken in the early
history of the movement see Ibrahim Abu-Lughod, Arab Rediscovery of Europe
(Princeton, 1963), p. 41.
10 On this point see the extremely valuable chapter; "The Violet and the Crucible:
Translations and the Language of Arabic Romantic Poetry' in Muhammad 'Abdul-
Hai, Tradition and English and American Influence in Arabic Romantic Poetry',
unpublished D! Phil, thesis (University of Oxford. 1973).
11 Philip P. Hitti, History of the Arabs (1958), p. 747.
12 See the unpublished Oxford D. Phil, thesis by the late Mrs N. Farag: 'Al-Muqtataf
1876—1900: a Study of the Influence of Victorian Thought on Modem Arabic
Thought' (Oxford, 1969).
13 On the contribution of Syrian immigrants to the Egyptian cultural renaissance see
Albert Hourani, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age 1798—1939(1962), chaps, rv and x,
and his paper The Syrians in Egypt in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries'
contributed to Collogue International sur VHistoire du Caire (Cairo, 1972), pp. 227ff.