Understanding and Teaching the Pronunciation of English.pdf

4.13 PLACE OF ARTICULATION4.13 PLACE OF ARTICULATION4.13 PLACE OF ARTICULATION

Name Meaning Example Sounds

Bilabial

Both lips come

together.

/p/, /b/, /m/,

/w/

Labiodental

Lower lip and upper

teeth.

/f/, /v/

Dental (or

Interdental)

Tongue tip and inner

edge of upper teeth.

/θ/, /ð/

Alveolar

Tongue tip and

alveolar ridge.

/t/, /d/, /s/, /z/,

/n/, /l/

Palatal (or

Alveopalatal)

Blade of tongue and

hard palate.

/ʃ/, /ᴣ/, /ʧ/, /ʤ/,

/r/, /y/

Velar

Back of tongue and

soft palate.

/k/, /g/, /ŋ/

Glottal

Throat passage is

constricted to produce

friction.

/h/

4.14 MANNER OF ARTICULATION4.14 MANNER OF ARTICULATION4.14 MANNER OF ARTICULATION

Name Meaning Example Sounds

Stop

The air stream is blocked

completely before it is

released, like a small

explosion.

/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/,

/k/, /g/

Fricative

The air stream passes

through a small opening,

creating friction—a hissing

sound.

/f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/,

/s/, /z/,

/ʃ/, /ᴣ/, /h/

A"ricate

Combination of a stop and

a fricative—an explosion

with a slow release. /ʧ/, /ʤ/

Nasal

Air passes through the nose

instead of the mouth. /m/, /n/, /ŋ/

Liquid

The air stream moves

around the tongue in a

smooth, unobstructed way. /l/, /r/

Glide

The sound is like a very

quick vowel. /w/, /y/

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