274 INDEX
Mehmet Ali, Pasha of Egypt, 73, 77, 78,
79, 119–20, 152
Mehmet Ali, Sultan of Egypt, 75
Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia, 166
Menou, General Jacques-Francois, 73
mercenary armies, 37, 63, 78, 94
merchant shipping, attacks on, 191–92
Merida, Battle of, 81–82, 88
Michael, Prince of Wallachia, 112–13
Mihrmah, daughter of Suleiman, 146
minefields, clearing of, 192, 241–42
Moghul Empire, 57–58, 59
Mohacs, Battle of, 104, 107
Mongols: defeat of, 65, 66; in India, 56;
in the Middle East, 64, 143–44; on
Persia, 239; sack of Damascus, 67
Montecuccoli, Raimund, 113–14
Moore, General John, 110
Morea, fall of, 117
Mota, Battle of, 25
Mt. Uhud, Battle of, 8, 13, 219
Mubarak, Hosni, President of Egypt,
251–52
Muhammad: attitude toward unbelievers,
7; battles of, 3, 5–6, 7, 8–10, 12, 169
n.2; death of, 13, 14; early followers
of, 3–4; early life of, 1–2; and Mecca,
4, 10–11, 13; military tactics of, 178;
revelations of, 2, 5; as ruler of a state,
4–5; smashing of idols, 11
Muhammad Ahmad (the Mahdi), 160–65
Muhammad Ali, ruler of Egypt, 120, 121
Muhammad I, Almohad, 86
Muhammad I, Assassin, 236–37
mujahedin, 196–97, 246–47
Mumatz, Mahal, 58
Murad, Battle of, 237
Murad Bey, 72
Murat I, Sultan, 93–94, 95–96, 106
Murat II, Sultan, 98–99, 106
murder, as warfare, 235.See also
assassination
Musa ibn Nusair, 81, 82
Muslim armies: backwardness of, 202–4;
leadership in, 178, 181, 182–83;
making of, 208–9; might of, 33;
modern, 173–75; spirit of, 7; training
of, 184, 204; victories of, 255–56
Muslim Brotherhood, 244, 245
Muslim states, 47–48, 258–59
Mustafa, false Ottoman prince, 98
Mustafa Kemal Pasha, 129–30, 132, 140
Mustapha Pasha, 146–48
Mutasim, Khalif, 63
Muthanna ibn Haritha, 17, 20–22, 24, 35
Muwaffaq of Nishapur, 236Nablus, Battle for, 180
Nadir Shah of Persia, 59, 62
Nakhimov, Vice-Admiral Pavel, 122
naphtha, use of, 67.See alsoGreek fire,
use of
Narbonne, capture of, 82
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, President of Egypt,
178–79, 181, 182
nationalism: in Afghanistan, 200;
importance of, 257–58; Islamic, 244,
259; in Muslim states, 168–69; rise of
in Europe, 116, 137–38
Navarino, Battle of, 77–78, 79, 119–20,
152
ibn-Nawfl, Waraqh, 2
Nicaea, 38, 93, 106
Nicholas, Czar of Russia, 121
Nicopolis, Battle of, 93–94, 97, 106
1967 War, 178–80
Nizam, murder of, 235–36
non-Muslims, Islamic perspective on,
229–30, 233
nuclear weapons, 188, 224, 250–51, 260
Nur-al-Din, 43, 44, 45, 49, 173, 237–38oil, importance of, 189, 191, 197, 261
Old Man of the Mountain (Rashid ed-Din
Sinan of Basra), 237–38, 240
Omar, al-Mulla Muhammad, 248
Omdurman, Battle of, 168
Operation Badr, 182
Operation Dawn VIII, 191