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participates in the spatial containment and the definition of
spatial contours of various systems simultaneously. The way
in which we perceive such ambiguity exemplifies the types of
spatial experiences that cannot be supplanted by computer
simulation or film. Such transparency has a special signifi-
cance in particular for > threshold and > intermediate spaces,
where interior and exterior spaces or various internal spa-
tial figures overlap. Often, various historical phases or urban
planning orders provide the background from which such su-
perimposition emerges, at times in ways that are correlated
with superimposed events and functions.
Literature: Auer 1989; Hoesli 1997; Rowe/Slutzky 1997> column, garden
> covering, readability, tectonics, virtuality
> atmosphere, darkness, expansiveness and constriction, lightCharacteristic of type is a special relationship between iden-
tity and difference or schema and variation. Not unlike
> structure, type is an abstraction. Because it assigns a build-
ing a specific spatial structure without determining its con-
crete formation, the type is the accumulation and abstraction
of spatial experience in the form of a schema whose concreti-
zation permits endless variations.
The concept of type in architecture has a broad spectrum
of meanings. The conventional typologies used in building
theory are primarily classifications according to types of use,
access and plan that are defined by a building’s specific func-
tional features, and shared by all buildings of the same type.
Other typologies refer to features of construction and design,
or to kinds of urban development. Clearly distinct from this
is an understanding of type upon which the typification of
buildings or building elements is based, and which is oriented
towards unification and standardization.Tree
Truthfulness
Twilight
Type