304 Green Chemistry, 2nd ed
QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
- Define industrial ecology.
- Define an industrial ecosystem.
- Name four major parts of an industrial ecosystem.
- Give the name of the processes to which materials and components are subjected in
industrial ecosystems. - Give a definition of wastes in terms of natural resources.
- What is the general pathway of materials through industrial systems as they currently
operate? - What is meant by “level of recycling” and how is it related to embedded utility?
- Name the three kinds of analyses and three categories considered in a life-cycle
assessment. - What are the three kinds of products, classified in part on their amenability to
recycling, that are normally considered in life-cycle assessments? - Give three important useful characteristics of consumable products related to their
potential environmental effects. - Name three key attributes of industrial ecosystems that largely determine the well
being of the systems. - Given that an abundant source of energy can make almost anything possible in an
industrial ecosystem, in what respects do vast reserves of coal, wind power, and
solar energy fall short of being ideal energy sources? - Explain cogeneration of energy. What are its advantages?
- Name three approaches to providing materials other than from virgin sources.
- Consumable items and products cannot be recycled on a practical basis. Name three
other categories of goods or products that can be recycled. - What is Kalundborg, Denmark, noted for?
- Name several characteristics that facilitated development of the Kalundborg industrial
ecosystem. - Name an environmental effect of industrial activities in the anthrosphere upon each
of the other four environmental spheres. - Name an environmental effect of agricultural activities in the anthrosphere upon
each of the other four environmental spheres.