Buddhism : Critical Concepts in Religious Studies, Vol. VI

TANTRIC BUDDHISM (INCLUDING CHINA AND JAPAN)

caritram hosalan caiva vindhyii kaumiirapaurikii I

upapilavam tatsannivesam vajragarbha mahiikrpa /11711

smasiinam pretasamhiitam smaSiinam codadhes tatah I

udyiinam viipikiitlram upasmasiinam nigadyate I I 181148

In this passage, the list of ten kinds of pl{has and places which correspond to

them is as follows:

1 pltha: a. Jalandhara b. O<;liyana c. Paufl.lagiri d. Kamarupa

2 upapltha: a. Malava b. Sindhu c. Nagara

3 k$etra: a. Munmuni b. Karm;yapiitaka c. Devikota d. Karmarapiitaka

4 upak$etra: a. Kulata b. Arbuda c. Godavari d. Himadri

5 chandoha: a. Harikera b. (the place) arisen in the middle of the salt-ocean c.

Lampaka d. Kaficika e. Saura~tra

6 upacchandoha: Kaliilga b. the island of gold c. Kokm;a

7 pllava: a. (the place) on the boundary of the village b. (the place on the

boundary) of the city c. Caritra d. Kosala e. Vindya f. Kaumiirapaurika

8 upapllava: a. (the place) near to it

9 smasiina: a. (the place) where dead spirits haunt b. the ocean-shore

10 upasmasiina: a. the garden b. the shore of the pool

Here, meliipaka and upameliipaka which appeared in verse I 0 were elimi-
nated. Some of these names of places appear to be imaginary or to be mere mod-
ifiers; the number of these places is difficult to determine. However, in the
Samvarodaya-tantra which follows the Hevajra-tantra, the system of the places
of pilgrimage has been consolidated firmly as is shown in the following passage
of the chapter 9 of the tantra:

madyamiimsapriyii nityam lajjiibhayaniisanl ca yii I

cfiikinlkhulasambhiitiih sahajii iti hathyate I

dese dese 'bhijiiyante yoginih sevayet sadii /11211

plthopaplthak$etropak$etracchandohopacchandohameliipakopa

meliipakam I

smasiinaii copasmasiinaii ca jambudvlpe vyavasthitiih 11131 I

pltham piir!Jagirau khyiitam pltham jiilandharam tathii I

o(iiyiinam tathii pltham pltham arbudam eva ca 111411

godiivary upapltam syiit tathii riimeivarii dvayam I

devlkotiibhidhiinan ca miilavaii copaplthaham /11511

kiimariipam dvyam k$elram o(irak$etriibhidhiinakam I

trisakuny upak$etram syiit hosalas copak$etrakam /11611

kali11galampiikayos ca cchandohan ca tathaiva ca I

kiiiicihii copacchandoham himalaya vise$atah 111711

pretiidhiviisinl melii grhadevatam eva ca I

saurii${re suvan:zadvlpe ca upameliipakadvayam 111811