514 Index[[Student version, January 17, 2003]]
electrophysiology, 443c, 444
electrostatic potential, 234
electrotonus, 443 ,453, 455
emergent properties, 15, 182, 301
emulsion, 277 ,278c, 290, 291
endocytosis, 38
endoplasmic reticulum, 36, 37c
endothermic reaction, 22 , 264
energy, 256
chemical bond, 22
conservation of, 3
kinetic, 3
mechanical, 3
potential, 3
electrostatic, 25
gravitational, 24
solar, 8, 10, 28, 33
energy landscape,seefree energy
enthalpy, 188 ,294, 372
entropic force, 188, 217, 223, 251, 280, 308
entropy, 7, 8, 11, 12, 153, 177 ,178–181, 181c, 182–187,
191, 192, 197, 206, 208, 209, 211, 216, 218,
221, 224, 230, 233, 236, 238–240, 246, 256,
257, 260, 264, 265, 269, 271, 294, 305, 306,
318, 400, 411
conformational, 321, 346
of H-bonds, 321, 346
of mixing, 186
of transition state, 399
enzyme, 57, 352 ,373c, 401c
product, 353
reaction velocity, 353
substrate, 353
equilibration, 79 ,81c
equilibrium, 177
chemical, 260 , 264
complex, 269
dissociation constant, 272
Donnan,seeDonnan
electro-osmotic, 415
hydrostatic, 225
mechanical, 269
thermal, 269
equilibrium constant, 266, 267 , 402
transformed, 268
equipartition of energy, 194 , 339
error function, 136
Escherichia coli,31c, 35c, 58, 156, 158, 163, 172, 222c,
224, 354, 427, 431c, 433, 434, 441, 497
eukaryote, 35
excitable medium, 455
exclusive alternatives, 70
exothermic reaction, 22
expectation value, 69
extensional deformation,seedeformation
extensive quantity, 181, 206 , 208
F-actin,seeactin
F0 unit, of ATP synthase, 430 ,431c
F1 unit, of ATP synthase, 430 ,431c
factor, genetic, 84
FAD, 427
FADH, 427c
falsifiable hypothesis, 6
farad, 18
fat, 45
fatty acids, 42
fibrin, 289
fibrinogen, 289
fibroblast, 39c, 40
Fick’s law, 117, 117 ,119, 124, 125, 133, 143, 166, 169,
173, 182, 249, 366
filopodia, 39c, 40, 357
filtration coefficient, 140, 161, 229 ,249, 498
First Law, 6 ,8,11, 27, 57, 98, 134, 191
Fischer, Emil, 374
fixed point, 463
FJC,seepolymer
flagellar motor, 156, 157c, 427c, 433, 434, 434c, 435
flagellum
bacterial, 32c, 35, 49, 141, 156, 157, 157c, 357, 427,
434
eukaryotic, 40
flashing ratchet, 404
Flory, Paul, 257
fluid
complex, 336
Newtonian, 146 ,301, 302, 336
isotropic, 146, 336
viscous critical force of, 147
flux, 117
charge, 19
electric charge, 418
electrophoretic, 125
number, 19
flux matching condition, 126
Fokker–Planck equation, 398
force, 24
entraining, 146
entropic, 216
mechanical, 216
force clamp, 385c
Franklin, Benjamin, 4, 5, 20, 28, 278, 409, 410
free energy, 7, 8, 10–12, 26, 173, 187–190, 197, 199, 200,
202, 209, 215–218, 221, 223, 224, 236, 237,
239, 244–246, 251, 252, 256, 257, 259, 267–
269, 271, 272, 278, 284, 286–288, 306, 318,
321, 322, 337, 346, 349, 351, 353, 369, 370,
374, 376, 388, 395, 399, 400, 414, 415, 420–
422, 424, 428–430, 433, 435
of ATP hydrolysis, 391
change,seestandard free energy change
Gibbs, 188 ,209, 265, 266
Helmholtz, 187 , 265
landscape, 352, 360, 361, 361c, 362, 364, 364c, 365,
368–372, 372c, 374, 375, 375c, 376, 376c, 377,
379, 383, 388–391, 399, 400, 482
one-dimensional, 359 ,360c, 376, 378
two-dimensional, 360, 362c, 372, 377
of formation, 268
of microscopic system, 197
transduction, 10 ,11c, 12, 13, 92, 191, 225, 271,
306, 351, 352, 354, 359, 395, 409, 425, 432
free radical, 90
friction, 3, 82
friction coefficient
viscous, 107 ,125, 143, 167
fumarase, 354, 373c
futile hydrolysis, 401, 401
G-actin,seeactin
G-proteins, 394
G-ratchet,seeratchet
Galvani, Luigi, 410
Gamow, George, 15, 101c
Gauss Law, 234, 235, 412
Gauss law
at a surface, 232c
Gauss Law
at a surface, 232
in bulk, 232
Gauss’s Law, 230
Gaussian distribution, 67
genes, 57, 85
genotype, 82
germ cell, 34, 57, 84
Gibbs distribution, 263
Gibbs free energy,seefree energy
Gibbs–Donnan relations, 414 , 416
globular protein
seeprotein, 112
glucose, 41
glycolipid, 54c
glycolysis, 33c, 56c, 378, 426
glycosylation, 357c
Golgi apparatus, 36, 37c
Golgi, Camillo, 476
good solvent, 112
Gouy–Chapman layer, 236
graded response, 443
gradient, 133
grand canonical distribution, 263
grand potential, 297
ground state, 294
GTP, 42
guanine, 41
guanosine triphosphate
seeGTP, 42
H-bond,seehydrogen bond
Hagen–Poiseuille relation, 161
hairpin, 199, 201c
Haldane, John B. S., 373
Haurowitz, Felix, 330
head group, 44
heat
conduction, 127
engine, 190 ,191c, 307cPage references of the form 999c refer to figure captions; bold references are the defining instance of a term.