518 Index[[Student version, January 17, 2003]]
Stokes formula, 107
strain
shear, 152, 170
stretch, 302 ,303c, 304
stretch stiffness, 317
Sturtevant, Alfred, 87
substate, 198
substrate, of enzyme, 353
sucrose, 41
supercoiling, 349
superposition property, 453
surface
attraction, electrostatic, 239
charge density, 19
number density, 19
repulsion, electrostatic, 237
tension, 28, 221 , 245
surface tension, 493, 498
surfactant, 277, 278c
Sutherland, William, 108
svedberg (unit), 143
symport, 433
synapse, 38c, 39 ,476, 478c
excitatory, 479
inhibitory, 479
synaptic cleft, 476 , 477
synaptic vesicle,seevesicle
synthase, 352
Taylor, Geoffrey, 145c
temperature, 74
tertiary structure, 47
tetramer, 330
thermal conductivity, 127
thermal equilibrium, 80
thermal reservoir, 186
thermodynamically conjugate variables, 249
theta solvent, 133
Thompson, Benjamin (Count Rumford), 5, 27
Thomson, William (Lord Kelvin), 182
threshold stimulus, 444
thymine, 41
tight coupling, 378
time constant, of axon, 452
Timof ́eeff, Nicolai, 89
Timof ́eeff, Nikolai, 90c
titration, 274
tonoplast membrane, 439
topoisomer, 348 ,349c
topoisomerase, 163
torque, 24
torsional deformation,seedeformation
torsional spring constant, 348
transcript, 58
transcription, 58
transfer matrix, 315
transfer RNA,seeRNA
transition state, 372c, 372 ,401c
transition state analog, 377
translation, 58 ,59, 60c
translocation
of ions, 422
through membranes, 357
transposable element, 87
traveling wave, 120c, 121
tricarboxylic acid cycle, 427
triglyceride, 45
tritium, 26, 140
tRNA,seeRNA
tubulin, 48c, 55c, 289
turbulent flow, 146
turnover number, 353
tweezer, optical,seeoptical tweezer
twist
density, 302 ,303, 303c
stiffness, 303
∼-stretch coupling, 304
ultrafiltration, 11
units, 15
unmyelinated axon, 442
unstacking, 289
unstacking of DNA bases, 327
uracil, 41
vacuole, 36c, 38, 439
valence, 274 , 413
van’tHoff relation, 220 ,226, 228, 280, 281
van’tHoff, Jacobus, 255
vander Waals attraction
strength of, 242
variance, 69
vascular network, 159
velocity
of catalyzed reaction, 353
vesicle, 38 ,223, 285c, 287
secretory, 37c, 38
synaptic, 37, 38c, 38 ,50, 477, 478c
virus
phage, 32c
viscoelastic material, 167
viscosity, 107, 143, 145, 146, 146 , 172
intrinsic, of a polymer, 171, 171c, 492
of water, 107
viscous
drag, 166
force rule, 146, 302
friction coefficient,seefriction coefficient
response, 167
viscous critical force, 147
viscous friction coefficient, 312, 367
vitalism, 8
Volta, Alessandro, 410
voltage-clamp, 466c, 466 ,467c
voltage-gated ion channel,seeion channel
voltage-gating hypothesis, 460 ,461, 463, 464, 468, 473
volume flow rate, 19
volume fraction, 171, 220, 223
vonHaller, Albrecht, 410
Walker, John, 431
Wannier, Gregory, 314
Watson, James, 15, 42c, 45, 92
weak acid, 273
weight-averaged chain length, 344
Wilkins, Maurice, 15
work, 5 , 24
wormlike chain model,seepolymer, elastic rod model
X-ray mutagenesis, 89 ,90c
yeast, 35
yogurt, 290c
Zeroth Law, 180 ,182, 186, 192
zeroth order rate law, 270
Zimm, Bruno, 321Page references of the form 999c refer to figure captions; bold references are the defining instance of a term.