The Origins of Music: Preface - Preface

114 Thomas Geissmann

Figure 7.7

Occurrence of biphasic notes in loud calls (or excerpts of loud calls) of Old World monkeys

(a–d) and apes (e,f).Alternating exhalation and inhalation notes are indicated by upward

and downward arrows,respectively.In (b),no arrows are used,because exhalation and

inhalation notes are produced very rapidly in this example.a.Chlorocebus aethiops(two

individuals,South Africa;Roché 1994);b.Lophocebus albigena(adult male,Gabon,

Bouchain,and Gautier 1995);c.Colobus satanas(Gabon;Roché 1994),d.Trachypithecus

johnii(India;rec.:G.Hohmann);e.Hylobates hoolock(adult female and juvenile male,

Kunming Zoo);f.Pan troglodytes(Gambia;Roché 1994).

Fig.7.7