Brain (cont.)
basal ganglia,179,183–184, 413
and birdsong,15,68–73,191–192,
194–195, 212
Broca’s area,95,194,199,200,202,206,
213, 322
cerebellum,183–184,198,199,200,201,
202,213,321, 413
cerebral cortex,179,185–186,188–189,
190–191,321–322,412–414
and emotion,89,417–419
and gender,208–209,211–212
imaging,16–17,197–214
and language/speech,88–89,96,189,
197–200
lateralization/asymmetry,9,88–97,98,
178,194–195,197–214,436,454–455
and music,9,178,194–195,201–214
neuropeptides,405n,417–419
organization,182–195
planum temporale,206, 321
prefrontal cortex,198,200,204, 213
primary motor cortex,199,200,202,206,
413
and singing,96,204–206,208, 209
size,9,179,183–186,190–191,194,
320–323
somatosensory cortex,199, 207
Wernicke’s area,95, 199
Brain evolution,179,182–195,209–214,
339–340
Brain imaging,16–17,197–214
Broca’s area,95,194,199,200,202,206,
213, 322
Cage,J., 6
Calls
alarm (general),33,34,37,78–79
animal (general),7,33, 41
bonobo hoot,116,126, 319
chimpanzee pant-hoot,42–44,59,
115–116,117,126–132,210,212,318,
320,321,324n
definitions,50, 65
dolphin, 129
food (general),33,34,37,79–98
gelada friendly,301–302
gorilla hoot,115,128,209–210
gorilla wrah, 128
Japanese macaque,89–90
meaning of,32–36
orangutan long call,113, 115
perception,89–95
production,95–97
referential,32–26,78–88,129–131,
291–292
Rhesus monkey food,78,79–98, 128
territorial,104–119,126–132
Vervet monkey alarm,33,34–36,78–79,
128,129,209,291–292
Children’s songs,402–403496 Subject IndexChimpanzees,42–44,59,115–116,117,
125–132,173,210,212,224,225–231,
317–318,320,321,324n.See alsoCalls
Chomsky,N.,13, 449
Chorusing
birds,57–58
bonobos, 319
chimpanzees,129,210,212,318, 321
frogs,316–317
insects,316–317
synchronous,315–324
Cochlea, 181
Communication.SeeCalls;Songs
Comparative musicology,3–4,5,17–18,
21n, 474
Computer simulations,evolutionary,
361–385
coevolutionary,373–385
goals,361–363
learning-based,364–366,371–373,
384–385
rule-based,364,370–371
and sexual selection,374–385
Courtship.SeeSexual selection
Critical periods,birdsong,67–73, 74
Cultural evolution,18–21,166–168
Dance,320,334,340,349–350,397,399,
412–413,419–421, 468
Design features,music,296–297,335–344,
356–357
Displays.SeeAesthetic displays
Divje babe site I,235–249,265n
Duetting,animal,57–58,104–108,110–113,
130, 131
Emotion.SeeMusic;Brain
Evolutionary musicology,3–24
Flute,bone.SeeBone flute
Flutes,paleolithic,235–249
Food calls.SeeCalls
Gender.SeeBrain
Gestalt theory,449–450
Gesture,9–10,173–175
Gibbons,43–44,103–119,127,128,180.See
alsoAnimal song
Gorillas,115,128,209–210
Group selection,296–297,331,350–353
Handedness,89,211,231–232
Higher vocal center (HVC),68,71–73
Hominids
australopithecines,180,194,211,224,225,
227,228, 229
early Homo,223–231
Homo erectus, 227
Homo habilis,194,224, 225
Homo rudolfensis,213–214, 321
Neanderthals,219–225,229–231MUSINDEX 9/14/99 12:38 PM Page 496