1 (1-inch [2.5-cm]) piece of ginger root,
peeled and cut into pieces
2 cloves garlic, peeled and trimmed
1–3 green Thai, serrano, or cayenne
chiles, stems removed, chopped
½ cup (8 g) fresh cilantro
1 whole clove
1 green cardamom pod, lightly crushed
1 black cardamom pod
1 (2-inch [5-cm]) cinnamon stick
2 teaspoons cumin seeds, divided
1 teaspoon coarse sea salt
1 teaspoon ground coriander
1 teaspoon turmeric powder
1 teaspoon red chile powder or cayenne