Characteristic
Who does it?
Whose needs
are met?
Nature of
goals?
Planning horizon?
Rigidity of plan
Who has
input into the plan?
Who makes
strategic decisions?
Plans
based on?
Culture
for planning?
Financial
control?
COMMUNIST
VERSUS FREE
MARKET PLANNING
Communist/Socialist
Free Market
Government -by levels
Business owner
Government
- the people (?)
Customer
Often unrealistic
Realistic
5-10 years
1-3 years
Very rigid
Flexible -targets
only
Government
officials only
All levels
of the rum
One
person at each level
All
owners
Based
on past performance
with a few Future
needs of customers
percent
added
Conform
to rules and
regulations Take
risks and be flexible
Focus
on meeting production
goals - Cost
control and pricing
decisions
cost
control and pricing
decisions not are
critical
critica!