Engineering Fundamentals: An Introduction to Engineering, 4th ed.c

304 Chapter 11 Temperature and Temperature-Related Parameters

In this chapter, we will explain what temperature, thermal energy, and heat transfer

mean. We will take a close look at the role of temperature and heat transfer in engi-

neering design and examine how they play hidden roles in our everyday lives. We will

discuss temperature and its various scales, including Celsius, Fahrenheit, Rankine, and

Kelvin. We will also explain a number of temperature-related properties of materials,

such as specific heat, thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity. After studying this

chapter, you will have learned that thermal energy transfer occurs whenever there exists

a temperature difference within an object, or whenever there is a temperature difference

between two bodies or a body and its surroundings. We will briefly discuss the various

modes of heat transfer, what the R-value of insulation means, and what the term meta-

bolic rate means. We will also explain the heating values of fuels.

TABLE 6.7 Fundamental Dimensions and How They Are Used in Defining Variables that Are Used in Engineering Analysis and Design

Fundamental

Dimension Related Engineering Variables

Length (L) Radian , Area (L

2

) Volume (L

3

) Area moment

[Chapter 7] Strain of inertia (L

4

)

Time (t) Angular speed ,

[Chapter 8] Angular acceleration Volume flow rate

Linear speed ,

Linear acceleration

Mass (M) Mass flow rate , Density ,

[Chapter 9] Momentum Specific volume

Kinetic energy

Force (F) Moment (LF), Pressure ,

[Chapter 10] Work, energy (FL), Stress , 1

F

L^22

1

F

L^22

1

ML^2

t^22

1

L^3

(^1) M 2
ML
t^2
1
M
(^1) L^32
M
t^2
1
L
t^22
1
L
t^2
1
L^3
(^1) t 2
1
t^22
1
1
t^2
1
L
L^2
1
L
L^2
Linear impulse (Ft), Modulus of Specific weight ,
Power elasticity ,
Modulus of
rigidity
Temperature (T) Linear thermal expansion Volume thermal
[Chapter 11] expansion
Specific heat
Electric Current (I) Charge (It) Current density
[Chapter 12] 1
I
L^22
1
FL
MT^2
1
L^3
(^1) L (^3) T 2
L
LT^2 ,
1
F
L^22
1
F
(^1) L 22
FL
t^2
1
F
L^32
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