Engineering Fundamentals: An Introduction to Engineering, 4th ed.c

a problem, or their analyses of certain situations. For example, electrical engineers use various

symbols to represent the components that make up an electrical or an electronic system, such

as a television set, a cellular phone, or a computer. Examples of engineering symbols are shown

in Table 16.1.

16.9 Examples of Common Symbols in Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering 531

Electrical Symbols

Logic Symbols

Plumbing and Piping Symbols

Fixed resistor

Photo resistor

Variable resistor Diode

Speaker

Capacitor LED Solar cell

Lamp Meter Single-phase

motor

Battery



Op-amp

AND

Output if all

control input

signals are on

Standard bathtub

OR

Output if any one

of the control

inputs is on

NOT

Output if single

control input

signal is off

NAND

Output if all

control input

signals are on

NOR

Output if all

control input

signals are off

Oval bathtub Whirlpool bath Shower stall

Drinking

fountain

Floor drain Floor sink

Chilled drinking

water supply

DWS

Chilled drinking

water return

DWR

Hot water

T 1 T 2

DF

Hot water

return

Straight-size

cross

Straight-size

tee

Connecting Gate valve Globe valve

pipe joint

45° Elbow 90° Elbow Expansion joint





TABLE 16.1 Examples of Engineering Symbols

Source:© 1999 American Technical Publishers, Ltd.

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