The Modern Interior

(Wang) #1

in the kitchen. Dark-coloured rectangles were painted around the handles


of the white cupboard doors to prevent dirty finger-marks being visible.


In the same room, the edges of the dark-coloured wooden shutters, stored


by day on the top of the wall-mounted cupboards but placed on the


windows at night, were painted white so that they wouldn’t stand out


when stored. The good-sized window sills in all the rooms were painted


different colours and, upstairs, a red area on the linoleum floor demar-


cated the boundaries of the boys’ bedroom when the screens closed it


off at night. Rietveld’s second aim was the efficiency and flexibility of


the house’s limited interior space. To that end he borrowed a number


of strategies from the traditional Japanese interior, including the use of


movable, sliding screens (shojis) and the storage of items when not in use


(like futons in the Japanese interior). In the guest room, used by the


children as a private space, bedding could be stored in a cupboard hidden


above the window beneath the upstairs balcony. Two small tables, one


yellow and the other blue, folded out from the wall when needed. Indeed


folding wooden items could be found all over the house. In several of the


rooms folding flaps of wood covered slits in the window frames included


for ventilation purposes, while in the girls’ bedroom the folding flaps at


the ends of the beds transformed them into sofas for daytime use. In the


entrance to Mrs Schroeder’s own bedroom a small, blue, fold-down desk


could be created, topped by a small red shelf. A small washbasin was


concealed inside the room.^11


In line with the ambitions of the De Stijl movement, Rietveld’s


ultimate aim, however, was the creation of an immaterial environment


determined by a sophisticated handling of colour, light and space, and


the inter-relationships between them. The children’s sparse toys were


kept in grey boxes, while a yellow wooden cover concealed the gramo-


phone. The interior of the house was a completely controlled environ-


ment with a high level of aesthetic harmony. Given the client’s high level


of commitment to the project, it was one that worked. The radicalism of


the Schroeder house marked it out as a beacon in the history of the


abstract interior and it proved hugely influential on the Modernists’ sub-


sequent formulation of the interior. It embodied De Stijl’s ideas about art


and architecture but went beyond them as well, suggesting that an inter ior


space could facilitate a completely new way of living. Idealism continued


to underpin the development of the Modernist interior through the 1920 s,


combining ideas about function and rationality with that of spatial


abstraction. 177

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