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xii CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES

Dinitromethane ...........................

                 - Chemical properties...............................

                 - Elucidation of the constitution of α− rinitrotoluene.................

                 - Kinetics of the nitration of dinitrotoluene to trinitrotoluene............

                 - Explosive properties of TNT...........................

                 - Toxicity of α− rinitrotoluene...........................

                 - Metabolism of trinitrotoluene...........................

     - Unsymmetrical isomers of trinitrotoluene

                 - Physical properties

                 - Thermochemical properties...........................

                 - Chemical properties...............................

                 - Preparation and constitution of unsymmetrical trinitrotoluenes

  - Other by-products in the nitration of toluene

  - Tetranitrotoluene.................................

                 - Literature...................................

  - Toluene. CHAPTER IX. TNT MANUFACTURE

  - Nitration of toluene to TNT............................

              - General remarks................................

  - Three stage process for manufacture of TNT.

              - Old French process.

              - Old British method...............................

              - Old U. S. S. R. method (according to Gorst)

              - German method................................

  - Two-stage manufacture of TNT (old Italian method).................

  - Material balance..................................

• Continuous methods of nitration
  
  
  • Earlier methods................................
  
  
  • Modern methods................................
  
  
  
  


• Purificalion of TNT................................
  
  
  • Purification by crystallization
  
  
  • Sulphitation and drying of TNT.........................
  
  
  
  


• Schematic diagram of a plant for continuous TNT manufacture............


• Utilization and neutralizing sulphitation liquors.


• Waste waters...................................


• Safety in TNT manufacture.............................
  
  
  • Literature...................................
  
  
  
  


• Nitro derivatives of xylenes. CHAPTER X. NITRO DERIVATIVES OF HIGHER BENZENE HOMOLOGUES
  
  
  • Isomers of mononitro-m-xylene (MNX).....................
  
  
  • Isomers of dinitro-m-xylene (DNX)........................
  
  
  • Isomers of trinitro-m-xylene (TNX)........................
  
  
  • Mononitro derivatives of o- and p- xylenes....................
  
  
  • Dinitro derivatives of o- and p- xylenes......................
  
  
  • Trinitro derivatives of o- and p- xylenes......................
  
  
  • Manufacture of trinitroxylene (TNX).......................
    
    
    • Nitro derivatives of mesitylene.....................
    
    
    • 
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • Nitro derivatives of ethylbenzene.........................
  
  
  • Tetranitro derivatives..............................
  
  
  • Literature
  
  
  
  


• Nitromethane.......................... CHAPTER XIX. ALIPHATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS
  
  
  • Physical properties...............................
  
  
  • Stability.
  
  
  • Ignition and burning..............................
  
  
  • Explosive properties...............................
    
    
    • Trinitromethane (Nitroform)
    
    
    • 
      
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  


• Tetranitromethane
  
  
  • Physical properties
    
    
    • Chemical properties...............................
    
    
    • Explosive properties...............................
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • Toxicity
    
    
    • Preparation
    
    
    
    
  
  
  • 1,2-Dinitroethane.................................
  
  
  • l,l-Dinitroethane
  
  
  
  


• Polynitroethylene


• sym-Tetranitroethane................................


• Hexanitroethane


• 2,2-Dinitropropane


• Other polynitro aliphatic compounds


• Nitroaromatic derivatives of mono-, di- and tri-nitromethane


• Literature.


• Dinitrodinitrosobenzene CHAPTER XX. NITRONITROSO AND NITROSO COMPOUNDS


• Hexanitrosobenzene
  
  
  • Literature
  
  
  
  


• Author index...................................


• Subject index...................................