PDR for Herbal Medicines

754/TAMARIND PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Leung AY. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used

in Food Drugs, Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York

1980.

Madaus G, Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck. Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

Steinegger E, Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer

Verlag Heidelberg 1992.

Teuscher E. Biogene Arzneimittel, 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.

Stuttgart 1997.

Tamarindus indica

See Tamarind

Tamus communis

See Black Bryony

Tanacetum parthenium

See Feverfew

Tanacetum vulgare

See Tansy

Tansy

Tanacetum vulgare

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part consists of the dried

flowering herb.

Flower and Fruit: The inflorescences are flat, round and

button-like composite flowers in cymes. The bright golden

yellow flowers consist only of tubular flowers. The fruit has

5 ribs without tufts of hair.

Leaves, Stem and Root: The plants grow from 60 to 120 cm

high. The stem is erect, glabrous, angular, red-tinged and

leafy. The leaves are alternate, simple or double pinnatifid,

15 cm long and 12 cm wide and have a long emarginate tip.

Characteristics: The herb has a strong aromatic smell. The

taste is bitter and camphor-like. The plant is poisonous.

Habitat: The plant is indigenous to Europe.

Production: Tansy flower consists of the inflorescence of

Chrysanthemum vulgare (syn. Tanacetum vulgare). Tansy

herb consists of the above-ground parts of Chrysanthemum

vulgare (syn. Tanacetum vulgare). Tansy oil is the oil

extracted from Tanacetum vulgare.

Other Names: Buttons, Daisy, Hindheal, Parsley Fern

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS: TANSY FLOWER AND HERB

Volatile oil (0.5 to 0.9% in the foliage, 0.8 to 1.8% in the

blossoms): constituents of the volatile oil vary greatly

according to variety. The following could appear as main

constituents: artemisia ketone, (-)-thujone.-(+)-isothujone,

1,8-cineole, alpha-pinene, alpha-terpinyl acetate, borneol,

bornyl acetate, davanone, germacrene D, L-camphor (+)

umbellulone, camphor, lyratol (+) lyratol acetate, piperitone,

sabinene, thuj-4-en-2-ylacetate (+) trans-Carveyl acetate,

trans-chrysanthenol (+) trans-chrysanthenyl acetate, umbel-

lulone, as well as (+)-vulgarol A (8%), vulgaron B (up to

12%). Hybrid varieties exist.

Sesquiterpenes: sesquiterpene lactones, including crispolid,

deacetyl crispolid, tatridins A and B, tavulin, artemorin,

parthenolide (in some varieties), reynosine, armefoline,

dentatin A, santamarin, chrysanthemine

Flavonoids: including cosmosiin, apigenin-7-O-glycoside,

cynaroside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, quercimetrin, eupatilin,

acacetin-7-glucobioside

Hydroxycoumarins: including scopoletin

Polyynes: including diterthiophene, triterthiophene

(phototoxic)

EFFECTS: TANSY FLOWER AND HERB

The oil, which contains thujone, is an insect repellent. The

sesquiterpenes in the leaves are antimicrobial. A leaf extract

has displayed an anti-edemic effect, and the polysaccharide

fraction is said to have an ulcer-protective effect in rats.

COMPOUNDS: TANSY OIL

Constituents of the volatile oil vary greatly according to

variety. The following could appear as chief constituents:

artemisia ketone, (-Hhujone, (+)-isothujone, 1,8-cineole,

alpha-pinene, alpha-terpinyl acetate, borneol, bornyl acetate,

davanone, germacrene D, L-camphor (+) umbellulone, L-

.camphor, lyratol (+) lyratol acetate, piperitone, sabinene,

thuj-4-en-2-ylacetate (+) trans-carvyl acetate, trans-chrysan-

thenol (+) trans-chrysanthenyl acetate, umbellulone, among

others. Hybrid varieties exist.

EFFECTS: TANSY OIL

The thujone-type oil is antimicrobial, anthelmintic, and

repellent to various insects.