PDR for Herbal Medicines

494 /MALE FERN

of the claimed applications is not documented, therapeutic

usage is not recommended.

Preparation: Filix-mas extract: The percolate is completely

freed from ether by steaming (maximum 50° C). It is made

into a dried extract in a vacuum. The content is stabilized

with high-fat cooking oil (DAB6)

Daily Dosage: The single and daily dose of Filix-mas extract

is 6 to 8 gm for adults and 4 to 6 gm for children. In case of

an unsuccessful cure, the treatment may only be repeated

after an interim of a few weeks. The single and daily

maximum dose of Filix-mas liquid extract is 3 gm. The

maximum daily dosage of Aspidinolfilicium oii solution is

20 gm.

Homeopathic Dosage: 5 drops, 1 tablet or 10 globules every

30 to 60 minutes (acute) or 1 to 3 times daily (chronic);

parenterally: 1 to 2 ml sc acute: 3 times daily; chronic: once

a day (HAB1);

Storage: The drug is stored over adsorbant calcium for a

maximum duration of 1 year, with a relative humidity below

0.05 in sealed containers away from light sources.

LITERATURE

Bottari F et al., (1972) Phytochemistry 11:2519.

Calderwood JM et al., J Pharm Pharmacol 21:55 S.

Frohne D, Pfander HJ, Giftpflanzen - Ein Handbuch fur

Apotheker, Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. Aufl., Wiss.

Verlagsges. mbH Stuttgart 1997.

Hansel R, Keller K, Rimpler H, Schneider G (Hrsg.), Hagers

Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., Bde 4-6

(Drogen), Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1992-

1994.

Karl CJPj^ersen PA, Muller G, Z Naturforsch 360607-610.

1981. ' '"V^ ~ _. .,
      Leung AY, Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used
      in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New
      York 1980.
      Roth L, Daunderer M, Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,


1982. Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
      Teuscher E, Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
      Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.
      Widen CJ, Sarvela J, Britton OM, On the location and
      distribution of phloroglucinols (Filicins) in Ferns. In: Ann Bot
      Fennici 20:407. 1983.
      Widen CJ, Vida G, Euw JV, Reichenstein T, Helv Chim Acta
      54:2824-2850. 1971.

Mallotus philippinensis

See Kamala

PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Malus domestica

See Apple Tree

Malva sylvestris

See High Mallow

Manaca

Brunfelsia hopeana

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal parts of Manaca are the

roots and stem.

Flower and Fruit: The blue or white flowers are large,

conical and very fragrant. The calyx is divided into 5

sections, with rounded lobes and 2 lips covering the bud.

There are 4 fertile anthers, which fuse together above where

they divide into 2 stigma-like lobes. The fruit is a fleshy or

leathery capsule with numerous large seeds embedded in it.

Leaves, Stem and Root: Manaca is a shrub with obovate,

deciduous leaves. The tough, woody roots are about 1.5 cm

in diameter. They are yellow in the center and have a papery,

pale brown epidermis. The stems have a small yellow

medulla.

Habitat: Manaca grows in South America, the West Indies

and Brazil.

Production: Manaca root is the root of Brunfelsia hopeana.

Other Names: Pohl, Vegetable Mercury

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

The active ingredients of the drug have not yet been

adequately investigated. The spasmogenic bninfelsamidine

(pyrrole-3-carboxamidine, identical with Nierembergia tox-

in) has been demonstrated in the related species Brunfelsia

grandiflora.

EFFECTS

Diuretic and antirheumatic effect have been attributed to

Manaca.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Unproven Uses: Manaca is used in the treatment of

rheumatic conditions. In the past, folk medicine uses have

included syphilis and scrofulosis.