Leung's Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics

Coriander oil is reported to have larvicidal
properties (seeallspiceandclove) as well
as bactericidal and weakly cytotoxic
activities.20,21
A liquid carbon dioxide extract of corian-
der seeds has been reported to exhibit antibac-
terial and antifungal activities.^22
Coriander oil when tested at a concentra-
tion of 6% in petrolatum on human subjects
(25 per test) did not produce skin irritation or
sensitization reactions.^23
An aqueous extract offresh coriander seeds
produced a dose-dependent significant anti-
implantation effect in rats (related to a signifi-
cant decrease in serum progesterone levels
after 5 days).^24

USES

Medicinal, Pharmaceutical, and Cosmetic.
Oil is used mainly as a flavoring agent in
pharmaceutical preparations (e.g., Aromatic
Cascara Sagrada Fluid extract); fruits are used
as aromatic and carminative and in prepara-
tions to prevent griping (MARTINDALE).
In cosmetics, oil is used as a fragrance
component in soaps, creams, lotions, and
perfumes, with maximum use level of 0.6%
in perfumes.^23
Oil is also used in flavoring tobacco.

Food. The young leaves are widely used as a
garnish in cooking (e.g., Chinese, Armenian,
Spanish, etc.); they are known as Chinese
parsley in Chinese cuisine and cilantro in
Spanish cooking.

The seeds (fruits) and oil are extensively

used as flavor ingredients in all types of food

products, including alcoholic (vermouths, bit-

ters, gin, etc.) and nonalcoholic beverages,

frozen dairy desserts, candy, baked goods,

gelatins and puddings, meat and meat pro-

ducts, condiments and relishes, and others.

Highest average maximum use levels reported

for seeds and oil were 0.52% and 0.012%,

respectively, in meat and meat products and

in alcoholic beverages.

Dietary Supplements/Health Foods. Fruits

sometimes used in carminative and digestive

products (FOSTER).

Traditional Medicine. Fruits are used as an

aromatic carminative, stomachic, and anti-

spasmodic, usually in the form of an infusion.

In Chinese medicine, in addition to being

used as a stomachic, they are used in measles,

dysentery, hemorrhoids, and other ailments;

a decoction is also used as a gargle to relieve

toothache. The whole herb is also used in

stomachache, nausea, measles, and painful

hernia (JIANGSU).

COMMERCIAL PREPARATIONS

Crude and oil. Crude was formerly official in

N.F., and oil is official in N.F. and F.C.C.

Regulatory Status. GRAS (§182.10 and

§182.20). Fruits subject of a German thera-

peutic monograph indicated for dyspeptic

complaints and loss of appetite.^25

REFERENCES

See the General References forARCTANDER;BLUMENTHAL1;BRUNETON;DUKE4;FEMA;FOGARTY;FOSTER;
GRIEVE;JIANGSU;LUST;MASADA;NANJING;ROSENGARTEN.

1. E. Gliozheni,Bul. Shkencave Nat., Univ.
   Shteteror Tiranes, 28 (3), 41 (1974).


2. G. Jukneviciene et al.,Liet. TSR Mokslu
   Akad. Darb., Ser. C, 3 , 9 (1977).


3. N. N. Glushchenko et al.,Maslo-Zhir.
   Prom., 6 , 28 (1977).
   4. H. Karow, Riechst., Aromen, K€orper-
   pflegem., 19 (2), 60 (1969).
   5. S. K. Chogovadze and D. M. Bakhtadze,
   Lebensm. Ind., 24 , 513 (1977).
   6. E. Schratz and S. M. J. S. Qadry,Planta
   Med., 14 , 310 (1966).

228 Coriander