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GOLDENSEAL

Source: Hydrastis canadensis L. (Family
Ranunculaceae).

Common/vernacular names: Orange root,
yellow root, jaundice root, Indian turmeric,
eye root, and eye balm.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

A perennial herb with a knotty yellow rhizome
(rootstock) from which arise a single leaf (rad-
icalleaf)andanerecthairysteminearlyspring
bearing two five- to nine-lobed rounded leaves

near the top, terminated by a single greenish

white flower; up to about 30 cm high; native to

rich, moist, deciduous forests, Vermont to

Georgia, west to Alabama and Arkansas, north

to eastern Iowa and Minnesota; formerly

cultivated in Oregon and Washington. Various

botanical writers note rarity where it once

flourished due to overcollection of the root.^1

Parts used are the dried rhizome and roots.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Contains as active principles isoquinoline

alkaloids consisting mainly of hydrastine

(1.5–4%) and berberine (0.5–6%), with lesser

336 Goldenseal