Leung's Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics

(やまだぃちぅ) #1

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BALM OF GILEAD BUDS

Source: Populus tacamahaccaMill. (syn.
P. balsamiferaDu Roi) orP. candicans
Ait. (Family Salicaceae).

Common/vernacular names:Poplar buds and
balsam poplar buds.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

There has been much confusion regarding the
sources of this botanical. In N.F. XI, it was
officially described as derived fromP. taca-
mahaccaMill. (syn. P. balsamiferaL.) or
fromP. candicansAit. However, according
toSARGENT,P. balsamiferaL. is not the same as
P. tacamahacca Mill. but is a different

species; he listedP. balsamiferaDu Roi as
the synonym forP. tacamahacca. Balm of
Gilead has also been used as a synonym
for Canada balsam (Abies balsamea) and
Mecca balsam (Balsamodendron opobalsa-
mumEngl.), among others.
Populus tacamahacca(balsam poplar) is a
tree often up to 33 m high, trunk about 3 m in
diameter, with stout, erect branches.
Populus candicans(true balm of Gilead)
has been considered as a variety of the
balsam poplar; only the pistillate tree is
known.
Populus balsamiferaL. is described as a
large tree with massive spreading branches
and stout yellow-brown, often angular
branchlets.
All above three species are native to North
America (SARGENT).

64 Balm of gilead buds
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