An 8-node element with six degrees of freedom at each node. The element is suitable for analyzing
thin to moderately-thick shell structures and is appropriate for linear, large rotation, and/or large strain
nonlinear applications. The layer information is input using the section commands (SECxxxxx) rather
than real constants. Failure criteria is available via FC and other FCxxx commands.
SOLSH190 -- 3-D Layered Structural Solid Shell
An 8-node 3-D solid shell element with three degrees of freedom per node (UX, UY, UZ).The element
can be used for simulating shell structures with a wide range of thickness (from thin to moderately
thick). The element has full nonlinear capabilities including large strain. The layer information is input
using the section commands rather than real constants. The element can be stacked to model through-
the-thickness discontinuities. Failure criteria is available using the FC commands.
SOLID185 Layered Solid -- 3-D Layered Structural Solid Element
A 3-D 8-Node Layered Solid used for 3-D modeling of solid structures. It is defined by eight nodes
having three degrees of freedom at each node: translations in the nodal x, y, and z directions. The element
has plasticity, hyperelasticity, stress stiffening, creep, large deflection, and large strain capabilities. It
also has mixed formulation capability for simulating deformations of nearly incompressible elastoplastic
materials, and fully incompressible hyperelastic materials. The element allows for prism and tetrahedral
degenerations when used in irregular regions. Various element technologies such as B-bar, uniformly
reduced integration, and enhanced strains are supported. Failure criteria is available via FC and other
FCxxx commands.SOLID278 is a companion thermal element.
SOLID186 Layered Solid -- 3-D Layered Structural Solid Element
A higher-order version of the SOLID185 element.SOLID279 is a companion thermal element.
13.1.1.1. Other Element Types with Composite Capabilities
In addition to the layered elements mentioned above, other composite element capabilities are available,
but are not considered further here:
- SOLID65 -- This 3-D reinforced concrete solid element models an isotropic medium with optional reinforcing
in three different user-defined orientations. - BEAM188 and BEAM189 -- These 3-D finite strain beam elements can have their sections built up with
multiple materials.
13.1.2. Defining the Layered Configuration
The most important characteristic of a composite material is its layered configuration. Each layer may
be made of a different orthotropic material and may have its principal directions oriented differently.
For laminated composites, the fiber directions determine layer orientation.
Specify individual layer properties to define the layered configuration.
The following topics related to defining the layered configuration are available:
13.1.2.1. Specifying Individual Layer Properties
13.1.2.2. Sandwich and Multiple-Layered Structures
13.1.2.3. Node Offset
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