Chapter 15: Beam Analysis and Cross Sections
Beam elements are used to create a mathematical one-dimensional idealization of a 3-D structure. They
offer computationally efficient solutions when compared to solid and shell elements.
The discussions here apply only to BEAM188 and BEAM189. Compared to other beam elements, these
provide more robust nonlinear analysis capabilities, and significant improvements in cross-section data
definition, analysis, and visualization.
For beam based code checks, also refer to the BEAMST solver.
The following topics are available for beam analysis and cross sections:
15.1. Overview of Cross Sections
15.2. How to Create Cross Sections
15.3. Creating Cross Sections
15.4. Using Nonlinear General Beam Sections
15.5. Using Preintegrated Composite Beam Sections
15.6. Managing Cross Section and User Mesh Libraries
15.7. Example Lateral Torsional Buckling Analysis
15.8. Example Problem with Cantilever Beams
15.9. Where to Find Other Examples15.1. Overview of Cross Sections
A cross section defines the geometry of the beam in a plane perpendicular to the beam axial direction.
A library of eleven commonly-used beam cross section shapes is available, and user-defined cross section
shapes are allowed. When a cross section is defined, the program builds a numeric model using a nine
node cell for determining the properties (Iyy, Izz, etc.) of the section and for the solution to the Poisson's
equation for torsional behavior.
Figure 15.1: Plot of a Z Cross Section (p. 435) shows the centroid and shear center of the cross section
and the calculated section properties:
Figure 15.1: Plot of a Z Cross Section
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