such as E. coliO157:H7. Potential barriers to
microbial load on carcasses are chemical and
thermal sanitizers.
Chemical sanitizers, such as chlorine and
organic acids (acetic, citric, and lactic acids),
have been investigated (Table 10–4). These
sanitizers can reduce the microbial load but
do not destroy all pathogens. Past results
have been inconsistent, and some of the
experimental design has been questionable.
The use of phosphates, such as trisodium
phosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate,184 PRINCIPLES OFFOODSANITATION
Table 10–3Specific Areas or Conditions where Particular Sanitizers are Recommended
Specific Area or Condition Recommended Sanitizer Concentration (ppm)
Aluminum equipment Iodophor 25
Bacteriostatic film Quat 200
Acid-quat Per manufacturer recommendations
Acid-anionic 100
CIP cleaning Acid sanitizer 130
Active chlorine Per manufacturer recommendations
Iodophor Per manufacturer recommendations
Concrete floors Active chlorine 1,000–2,000
Quat 500–800
Film formation, prevention of Acid sanitizer 130
Iodophor Per manufacturer recommendations
Fogging, atmosphere Active chlorine 800–1,000
Hand-dip (production) Iodophor 25
Hand sanitizer (washroom) Iodophor 25
Quat Per manufacturer recommendations
Hard water Acid sanitizer 130
Iodophor 25
High iron water Iodophor 25
Long shelf life Iodophor
Quat
Low cost Hypochlorite
Noncorrosive Iodophor
Quat
Odor control Quat 200
Organic matter, stable in Quat 200
presence ofPlastic crates Iodophor 25
Porous surface Active chlorine 200
Processing equipment Quat 200
(aluminum) Iodophor 25
Processing equipment Acid sanitizer 130
(stainless steel) Acid-quat Per manufacturer recommendations
Active chlorine 200
Iodophor 25
Rubber belts Iodophor 25
Tile walls Iodophor 25
Visual control Iodophor 25
Walls Active chlorine 200
Quat 200
Acid-quat Per manufacturer recommendations
Water treatment Active chlorine 20
Wood crates Active chlorine 1,000
Conveyor lubricant Glutaraldehyde Per manufacturer recommendations
Source:Adapted from Lentsch (1979).