4.Prerinse. Prerinsing can effectively
remove up to 90% of the soluble mate-
rials. This operation also loosens
tightly bound soils and facilitates pene-
tration of the cleaning compound in
the next cleaning step.
5.Apply cleaning compound. This step can
be simplified through proper selection
and use of processing equipment and
cleaning equipment, proper location of
equipment, and reduction of soil accu-
mulation. Further reduction of soil
buildup is possible through use of the
minimum required temperature for
heating products a minimum amount
of time; cooling product heating sur-
faces, when practical, before and after
emptying of processing vats; and keep-
ing soil films moist by immediate rins-
ing of foam and other products with 40
to 45°C water and leaving it in the pro-
cessing vats until cleaning.
6.Postrinse. This step solubilizes and car-
ries away soil. Rinsing also removes
residual soil and cleaning compounds,
and prevents redeposition of the soil on
the cleaned surface.
7.Inspect. This step is essential to verify
that the area and equipment are clean
and to correct any deficiencies.
8.Sanitize. A sanitizer is added to destroy
any residual microorganisms. By destru-
ction of microorganisms, the area and
equipment contribute to less contamina-
tion of the processed products.Other Cleaning Applications
When mechanized cleaning is not practi-
cal, hand cleaning should be done, following
these guidelines:
●Cleaning application should involve a
prerinse of water at 37 to 38°C.
●The cleaning compound used should
have a pH of less than 10 to minimizeskin irritation. The temperature of the
cleaning solution should be maintained
at 45°C. Solution-fed brushes can be
used effectively with hand cleaning oper-
ations. Filler parts and other parts that
are difficult to clean should be cleaned
with cleaning-out-of-place (COP) equip-
ment to move the surface lubricant and
other deposits more effectively.
●The postrinse operation should use
water tempered to 37 to 38°C, with sub-
sequent air-drying.
●The sanitizing operation should include
a chlorine sanitizer applied by a spray or
dip.
Table 16–2 classifies and summarizes spe-
cial considerations for various types of dairy
plant hand cleaning equipment.Cleaning equipment
Cleaning of dairy facilities involves physi-
cal removal of soil from all product contact
surfaces after each period of use, with subse-
quent application of a sanitizer. Although
surfaces that contact non-products are less
critical, they must be cleaned. The techniques
for cleaning dairy plants vary depending on
the plant size. The major portion of a large-
volume plant is cleaned by some CIP system.
This cleaning technique is the recognized
standard for cleaning pipelines, milking
machines, bulk storage tanks, and most
equipment used throughout the processing
operation. Because the normal period of use
for dairy processing plant equipment is less
than 24 hours, this equipment and the area
are cleaned daily. Longer and continued use
of piping and storage systems can reduce the
cleaning frequency to once every 3 days.CIP and Recirculating Equipment
Effectiveness of the CIP approach depends
on the process variables, time, temperature,Dairy Processing Plant Sanitation 291