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Art Therapy - Teaching Psychology

(National Geographic (Little) Kids) #1

  • 1 Previews Introduction to the Revised Edition xxv

    • The Many Faces of Art Therapy

    • Preview of Coming Attractions

    • Short Stories—Vignettes

      • How Art Helped Me at Times of Trauma

      • Art Helps a Psychotic Boy Return to Reality: RANDY (12)

      • (DVD 1.9) Art Contains Aggression at Home: JENNY (5), NONA (4), and JON (4 and 14)



    • Stories from the Art Therapy Studio (DVD 1.10)

      • Art & Drama Therapy Help a Girl Say Goodbye: LORI (5)

      • Art Therapy Unblocks Grieving for a Little Boy: JEFF (6)

      • Art Therapy Releases a Worried Boy’s Energy: ALAN (4 and 11)

      • Art Therapy Allows an Anxious Boy to Feel Secure: JACK (12)

      • Art Therapy Helps a Talented Teenager: BETTY JANE (14)

      • Art & Drama Therapy Liberate a Depressed Adolescent: JIM (17)

      • Art Therapy with a Depressed Woman: MRS. LORD (27)

      • Art Draws out Despair in Marital Therapy: MR. & MRS. T.

      • Art and Writing Help in Adjusting to a Painful Reality: MARJORIE (45)



    • Preview of Coming Chapters



  • 2 What Is Art Therapy?

    • Art + Therapy =?

    • Art Therapy: What It Is and What It Is Not (DVD 2.1)

    • Art Therapy and Art Education (DVD 2.2)

      • Invisible Differences

      • Participants “Know” the Difference



    • Art Therapy and Art for People with Disabilities (DVD 2.3)

      • Educational and Recreational Settings vi • Contents

      • Medical and Rehabilitation Settings

      • Medical Art Therapy and Arts Medicine (DVD 2.4)



    • Room for All: Teamwork (DVD 2.5)

    • Art Therapy and Child Therapy (DVD 2.6)

      • Play Therapy and Child Art Therapy

      • Pediatric Art Therapy and Child Life Programs

      • Art Therapy and Art Counseling



    • Other Clinicians Who Use Art (DVD 2.7)

      • Art Therapy and Occupational, Recreation, and Activity Therapy

      • Art Therapy and Others Using Art in Psychotherapy



    • Art Therapy and Expressive Therapies (DVD 2.9)

      • Expressive Arts Therapy Ends Nightmares: CARLA (8)

      • Mixing Modalities in Treatment

      • Sharing and Collaborating

      • Training Issues

      • Choosing a Multimodal Approach



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Art + Therapy = Art Therapy

    • Endnotes



  • 3 History

    • The Sources of Art Therapy

      • Natural Beauty is Soothing

      • Creating Comes Naturally

      • Art for Healing Is Ancient and Universal



    • Art Therapy: An Idea Whose Time Had Come

      • Psychiatric Interest in Patient Art

      • Interdisciplinary Exchange

      • Creativity and Madness

      • Art Brut and Outsider Art

      • Art in Diagnosis and Therapy

      • Therapeutic Art Education

      • Artists in Hospitals



    • Art Therapy Is Born

      • Naumburg and Kramer

      • Other Art Therapy Pioneers in the United States

      • Art Therapy in Other Countries (DVD 3.13)



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Endnote



  • 4 The Basics

    • The Art Part

      • Knowing Materials

      • Knowing the Creative Process

      • Knowing Artistic Products



    • The Therapy Part

      • Knowing Development

      • Knowing Psychodynamics

      • Knowing Pathology and Potential Contents • vii

      • Knowing Treatment Planning

      • Knowing the Therapeutic Dyad (DVD 4.2)

      • Knowing the Process of Change in Therapy



    • Necessary Conditions: The Framework

      • A Supportive Setting

      • Physical Conditions

      • Psychological Conditions



    • Doing Art Therapy: The Interface

      • Setting the Stage

      • Evoking and Facilitating Expression

      • Looking at and Learning from the Art Process

      • Working Artistically

      • Basic Principles



    • Selecting Art Therapy

      • Assessment in Planning and Evaluation



    • Evaluating Art Therapy

      • Qualitative Evidence

      • Quantitative Evidence



    • Art Therapy Research

      • The Art Product in Evaluation

      • The Art Process in Evaluation



    • Why Art Therapy?

      • Art Involves the Whole Person

      • Much of Our Thinking Is Visual

      • Memories May Be Preverbal or Forbidden

      • Negative Ideas and Feelings Are More Easily Expressed in Art

      • Art Helps to Face What’s Inside: LAURIE (38)

      • Art Offers Unique Possibilities for Expression

      • The Art Product Is a Helpful Presence

      • Art Is Flexible and Versatile

      • Art Normalizes Psychotherapy

      • The Creative Process Is a Learning Experience

      • Art Is a Natural “High” That Also Heals



    • Why Art?

      • Back to Basics



    • Endnote



  • 5 Approaches

    • Multiple Paths: Multiple Perspectives

    • Psychodynamic Approaches to Art Therapy

      • Freudian Psychoanalysis

      • Free Association in Art Imagery: LINDA (8)

      • Jungian Analytic Therapy



    • Humanistic Approaches to Art Therapy

      • Person-Centered Approach

      • Adlerian

      • Gestalt

      • Ericksonian viii • Contents

      • Phenomenological

      • Existential



    • Psycho-Educational Approaches to Art Therapy (DVD 5.3)

      • Behavioral

      • Cognitive

      • Developmental

      • Adaptive



    • Systemic Approaches to Art Therapy

    • Family Art Therapy

      • Death Images Illuminate Important Issues—John and His Mother After Father’s



    • Group Art Therapy

      • Individual Growth in a Group: DON (9)



    • Art/Image-Based Approaches to Art Therapy (DVD 5.5)

    • Spiritual Approaches to Art Therapy

    • Integrative Approaches to Art Therapy

    • Theory, Technique, and Art Therapy

      • Art Therapists as Theorists

      • The Unspoken Perspective

      • Selective Eclecticism

      • Is Theory Really Necessary?



    • Endnotes



  • 6 Assessment

    • Art and Diagnosis

    • Projective Techniques

      • Responding to Visual Stimuli

      • Preference Tests

      • Copying and Completion

      • The Scribble Drawing

      • Projective Drawings

      • Standardization in Drawing Tasks

      • Art and Psychopathology



    • Studies of Artistic Development

    • Art Therapists as Diagnosticians

      • Art Therapists and Projective Drawings

      • Draw-a-Person and Self-Portrait in Assessment: JIMMY (5)



    • Rating Scales by Art Therapists

      • Rating Scales for Art Products

      • Rating Scales for Art Behaviors



    • Assessing Change After Seven Weeks of Group Art Therapy

    • Art Therapy Assessments

      • Overview

      • Unstructured Approaches

      • Art Assessment Reveals Depth of Pathology: EVELYN (16)

      • A Scribble Drawing Helps a Sullen Adolescent: MELANIE (15)

      • Structured Approaches: Themes

      • Art Assessment Batteries: Individuals Contents • ix

      • Art Assessments for Specific Purposes

      • Assessing Sexual Abuse Through Art

      • Assessing Spiritual Development Through Art

      • Art Assessment Batteries: Families

      • Art Assessment Batteries: Couples



    • Selection/Creation Art Assessment Batteries

      • Silver Drawing Test of Cognition & Emotion

      • Magazine Photo Collage

      • Face Stimulus Assessment



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Endnotes



  • 7 Te c h n i q u e (s)

    • Introduction

      • Evolution of Art Therapy Technique



    • Evoking Expression (DVD 7.1)

      • Warming Up

      • Pictorial Stimuli

      • Visual Starters

      • Using the Nondominant Hemisphere

      • Stimulating Materials and Methods

      • Regressive Media Help in Dealing with Shame: GLORIA (29)

      • Mental Imagery

      • A Series of Images



    • Facilitating Expression (DVD 7.2)

      • Motivational Techniques

      • Artistic Interventions

      • Drawing Workbooks and Guides



    • Deciding What to Do and Why

      • Specific Tasks Help a Family to “See” Problems



    • Variations on the Visual Arts

      • Sandplay

      • Hypnosis and Guided Imagery

      • Phototherapy, Videotherapy, and Computers

      • Art and Film Therapy Help a Young Man Grow Up: ISAAC (DVD 7.9)

      • Multimodal Expressive Arts Therapy



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Endnotes



  • 8 People We Serve

    • Art Therapy Is Especially Good For

      • Those Who Have No Words

      • Those Who Are Resistant

      • Art Therapy With an Elective Mute: ELLEN (11)



    • Art Therapy Is for All Ages

      • Children

      • Art and Sandplay Help a Grieving Toddler: BILLY (2)

      • Art and Play Therapy for an Anxious Little Girl: AMY (3) (DVD 8.10) x • Contents

      • Adolescents

      • Art Therapy for a Painfully Shy Adolescent: LUCY (13)

      • The Story of Sam: A Schizoid Teenager (18)

      • Adults

      • Art in Diagnosis and Therapy with a Young Adult: SALLY (22)

      • Unresolved Grief Finally Faced: OLIVER (36)

      • Art Therapy for Artists



    • The Elderly

      • It’s Never Too Late: HANNAH (64)



    • Endnotes



  • 9 Problems We Address

    • Living With Mental Illness

      • Introduction

      • A Story of Bravery and Creative Coping: KAREN

      • Children with Psychotic Disorders

      • A Youngster with Childhood Schizophrenia: DOROTHY (10)

      • A Girl Who Spoke by Shutting Me Out: KITTY (4)

      • A Teenager With Asperger’s Syndrome Uses Puppets: EMILY (16)



    • Living With Disabilities

      • A Therapeutic Art Program Helps a Partially Sighted Girl: JANE (11)

      • Expressive Arts Therapy Helps a Blind Boy: LARRY (8)

      • History of Art Therapy for Those With Disabilities (DVD 9.8)

      • The Family of the Disabled Individual



    • Problems Especially Helped by Art Therapy (DVD 9.9)

      • Eating Disorders

      • Art Therapy for an Adolescent with Anorexia: LILA (17)

      • Substance Abuse

        • Art Therapy Helps a Recovering Addict: AMELIA (25)



      • Survivors of Sexual Abuse

      • Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder)

        • From Depression to Dissociation: The Story of ELAINE (40)



      • Is Art Therapy Dangerous for Some People?



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Endnote



  • 10 Places We Practice

    • Introduction

    • Medical Art Therapy

      • Art in Medical Assessment

      • Art Therapy for Psychosomatic Conditions

      • A Child With Encopresis: JERRY (11)

      • Art Therapy in Trauma and Rehabilitation

      • Art Therapy for Healing

      • Art Therapy for Terminal Illness

      • Fighting Cancer With Art and Imagery: SUE (37)



    • Art Therapy for Bereavement (DVD 10.5) Contents • xi

      • CHRISTOPHER (7) A Child Requests Art Therapy After His Mother Kills Herself:



    • Art as Therapy in Times of Crisis

      • War and Combat

      • Natural Disaster and Violence

      • Community Tensions

      • People and Families in Crisis

      • Art Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): JACKIE (7)

      • Displaced Persons

      • Economically Disadvantaged Individuals



    • Art Therapy in Correctional Institutions

    • Art as Therapy for Wellness

      • Art as Therapy in Everyday Life

      • Art as Therapy for Children and Families

      • Art as Therapy in a Preschool: SAMMY (4)

      • Art as Therapy for Normal Adults



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Endnotes



  • 11 Professional Issues

    • Evolution of Art Therapy Education

    • Becoming an Art Therapist

      • Learning by Doing

      • Learning by Teaching and Consulting

      • Art Reveals Capacities of a Deaf-Mute Girl: CLAIRE (10)

      • Learning by Sharing with Others

      • Learning in Personal Psychotherapy and Supervision



    • Apprenticeships, Courses, and Training Programs

    • Supervision

      • Self-Awareness

      • Images of Supervision

      • Promoting Creativity in the Art Therapist

      • Becoming an Art Therapist: Professional Identity Formation



    • Evolution of Standards

      • Standards for Registration

      • Standards for Board Certification

      • Standards for Educational Programs



    • Evolution of Continuing Education

      • Learning Through Further Education

      • Obtaining Relevant Credentials



    • Ethics in Art Therapy

      • Standards of Practice and Ethical Conduct

      • Ethics and the Art Created in Art Therapy



    • Ethics and Client/Therapist Differences

      • Disability Issues

      • Phenomenological Research on a Tactile Aesthetic xii • Contents

      • Multicultural Issues



    • Evolution of Political Action and Networks

      • Public and Professional Awareness



    • Concluding Thoughts

    • Endnotes



  • 12 What Next?

    • Finding Out More About Art Therapy

      • Growing Art Therapy Literature



    • Art Therapy as a Career

      • Reality Check: Jobs and Salaries

      • Credentialing in Other Areas

      • New Employment and Funding Sources



    • The Future of Art Therapy

      • Art Therapist Predictions: Past and Present

      • Art Therapy Has Much to Share

      • Art Therapy in the Age of Virtual Reality

      • Artist or Therapist?

      • Need for Art in Times of Change



    • Art + Therapy = Art for Life

    • Endnotes

    • Resources

    • References

    • Introduction to Art Therapy: Sources & Resources

    • Index



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